Function roles of muscles + types of contraction Flashcards
what is an agonist?
muscle responsible for creating movement at a joint (prime mover)
what is an antagonist?
muscle that opposes the agonist providing resistance
what is a fixator?
the muscle that contracts to stabilise an area of the body to enable efficient movement
what are the muscles in the quadricep muscle group?
rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis
what are the muscles in the hamstring muscle group?
biceps femoris, semi-membranosus, semi-tendinosus
what are the muscles in flexion at the knee?
agonist: biceps femoris
antagonist: rectus femoris
what are the muscles in extension at the knee?
agonist: rectus femoris
antagonist: biceps femoris
what are the muscles in flexion at the elbow?
agonist: biceps brachii
antagonist: triceps brachii
what are the muscles in extension at the elbow?
agonist: triceps brachii
antagonist: biceps brachii
what are the muscles in plantar flexion at the ankle?
agonist: gastrocnemius + soleus
antagonist: tibialis anterior
what are the muscles in dorsiflexion at the ankle?
agonist: tibialis anterior
antagonist: gastrocnemius + soleus
what are the muscles in flexion at the wrist?
agonist: wrist flexors
antagonist: wrist extensors
what are the muscles in extension at the wrist?
agonist: wrist extensors
antagonist: wrist flexors
what are the muscles in flexion at the hip?
agonist: iliopsoas
antagonist: gluteus maximus
what are the muscles in extension at the hip?
agonist: gluteus maximus
antagonist: iliopsoas
what are the muscles in abduction at the hip?
agonist: gluteus medius + minimus
antagonist: adductor brevis, longus + magnus
what are the muscles in adduction at the hip?
agonist: adductor brevis, longus + magnus
antagonist: gluteus medius + minimus
what are the muscles in medial rotation at the hip?
agonist: gluteus medius + minimus
antagonist: gluteus maximus
what are the muscles in lateral rotation at the hip?
agonist: gluteus maximus
antagonist: gluteus medius + minimus
what are the muscles in flexion at the shoulder?
agonist: anterior deltoid / pectoralis major
antagonist: posterior deltoid / latissimus dorsi
what are the muscles in extension at the shoulder?
agonist: posterior deltoid / latissimus dorsi
antagonist: anterior deltoid / pectoralis major
what are the muscles in abduction at the shoulder?
agonist: latissimus dorsi / pectoralis major
antagonist: medial deltoid
what are the muscles in adduction at the shoulder?
agonist: medial deltoid
antagonist: latissimus dorsi / pectoralis major
what are the muscles in horizontal flexion at the shoulder?
agonist: pectoralis major
antagonist: posterior deltoid / teres minor
what are the muscles in horizontal extension at the shoulder?
agonist: posterior deltoid / teres minor
antagonist: pectoralis major
what are the muscles in medial rotation at the shoulder?
agonist: teres major
antagonist: teres minor
what are the muscles in lateral rotation at the shoulder?
agonist: teres minor
antagonist: teres major
what is isotonic contraction?
where the muscle contracts and changes length which will create movement at the joint
what are the two types of isotonic contraction?
concentric + eccentric
what is concentric contraction?
contracts and shortens while producing tension
what is eccentric contraction?
contracts and lengthens while producing tension
what is isometric contraction?
where the muscle contracts creating a force but no movement takes place
