Function roles of muscles + types of contraction

Question 1

what is an agonist?

Answer 1

muscle responsible for creating movement at a joint (prime mover)

Question 2

what is an antagonist?

Answer 2

muscle that opposes the agonist providing resistance

Question 3

what is a fixator?

Answer 3

the muscle that contracts to stabilise an area of the body to enable efficient movement

Question 4

what are the muscles in the quadricep muscle group?

Answer 4

rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis

Question 5

what are the muscles in the hamstring muscle group?

Answer 5

biceps femoris, semi-membranosus, semi-tendinosus

Question 6

what are the muscles in flexion at the knee?

Answer 6

agonist: biceps femoris
antagonist: rectus femoris

Question 7

what are the muscles in extension at the knee?

Answer 7

agonist: rectus femoris
antagonist: biceps femoris

Question 8

what are the muscles in flexion at the elbow?

Answer 8

agonist: biceps brachii
antagonist: triceps brachii

Question 9

what are the muscles in extension at the elbow?

Answer 9

agonist: triceps brachii
antagonist: biceps brachii

Question 10

what are the muscles in plantar flexion at the ankle?

Answer 10

agonist: gastrocnemius + soleus
antagonist: tibialis anterior

Question 11

what are the muscles in dorsiflexion at the ankle?

Answer 11

agonist: tibialis anterior
antagonist: gastrocnemius + soleus

Question 12

what are the muscles in flexion at the wrist?

Answer 12

agonist: wrist flexors
antagonist: wrist extensors

Question 13

what are the muscles in extension at the wrist?

Answer 13

agonist: wrist extensors
antagonist: wrist flexors

Question 14

what are the muscles in flexion at the hip?

Answer 14

agonist: iliopsoas
antagonist: gluteus maximus

Question 15

what are the muscles in extension at the hip?

Answer 15

agonist: gluteus maximus
antagonist: iliopsoas

Question 16

what are the muscles in abduction at the hip?

Answer 16

agonist: gluteus medius + minimus
antagonist: adductor brevis, longus + magnus

Question 17

what are the muscles in adduction at the hip?

Answer 17

agonist: adductor brevis, longus + magnus
antagonist: gluteus medius + minimus

Question 18

what are the muscles in medial rotation at the hip?

Answer 18

agonist: gluteus medius + minimus
antagonist: gluteus maximus

Question 19

what are the muscles in lateral rotation at the hip?

Answer 19

agonist: gluteus maximus
antagonist: gluteus medius + minimus

Question 20

what are the muscles in flexion at the shoulder?

Answer 20

agonist: anterior deltoid / pectoralis major
antagonist: posterior deltoid / latissimus dorsi

Question 21

what are the muscles in extension at the shoulder?

Answer 21

agonist: posterior deltoid / latissimus dorsi
antagonist: anterior deltoid / pectoralis major

Question 22

what are the muscles in abduction at the shoulder?

Answer 22

agonist: latissimus dorsi / pectoralis major
antagonist: medial deltoid

Question 23

what are the muscles in adduction at the shoulder?

Answer 23

agonist: medial deltoid
antagonist: latissimus dorsi / pectoralis major

Question 24

what are the muscles in horizontal flexion at the shoulder?

Answer 24

agonist: pectoralis major
antagonist: posterior deltoid / teres minor

Question 25

what are the muscles in horizontal extension at the shoulder?

Answer 25

agonist: posterior deltoid / teres minor antagonist: pectoralis major

Question 26

what are the muscles in medial rotation at the shoulder?

Answer 26

agonist: teres major antagonist: teres minor

Question 27

what are the muscles in lateral rotation at the shoulder?

Answer 27

agonist: teres minor antagonist: teres major

Question 28

what is isotonic contraction?

Answer 28

where the muscle contracts and changes length which will create movement at the joint

Question 29

what are the two types of isotonic contraction?

Answer 29

concentric + eccentric

Question 30

what is concentric contraction?

Answer 30

contracts and shortens while producing tension

Question 31

what is eccentric contraction?

Answer 31

contracts and lengthens while producing tension

Question 32

what is isometric contraction?

Answer 32

where the muscle contracts creating a force but no movement takes place