Function and Dysfunction Flashcards
What is “somatic dysfunction”? What does it affect?
Impaired or altered function of related components of the somatic (body framework) system: skeletal, arthrodial, and myofascial structures, and related vascular, lymphatic, and neural elements
What are the causes of somatic dysfunction?
A stress alteration of the somatic tissues that prevents the components from returning to their resting states. This includes macrotrauma (major trauma) and microtrauma
What are examples of macrotrauma?
AccidentsMajor surgeryGiving BirthMajor diseases such as pneumonia, abdominal diseases, ulcer
What are examples of microtrauma?
- gravity- irritants to the body- poor diet- lack of sleep- emotional upsets
What are the criteria to diagnose somatic dysfunction?
TART! TendernessAsymmetryRestriction of motionTissue texture abnormality
What is a lesser used way to diagnose somatic dysfunction?
STAR!SensitivityTissue Texture AbnormalityAsymmetryRestriction of Motion
What are Vertebral Motions?
ExtensionFlexionSidebending (lateral flexion)Rotation
How are vertebral rotations named?
By the motion of a point on the anterior/superior surface of a vertebral body
How is sidebending named?
By the concavity (side with lesser angle)
What is the definition of active motion?
Movement produced voluntarily by a patient
What is passive motion?
Movement induced by the physician while the patient remains passive or relaxed.
What is a barrier to motion
The limit of a motion or a restriction or binding point felt when a joint is put through it’s range of motions.
What are the five barriers to motion called?
Anatomic BarrierPhysiologic BarrierRestrictive BarrierPathologic BarrierElastic Barrier
What is the Anatomic Barrier?
It is the limit of motion imposed by the anatomic structure. It is the limit of passive motion!
What is Physiologic Barrier?
The limit of active motion, which can be altered to increase range of motion by warm-up activities
What is a Restrictive Barrier?
A functional limit with anatomic range of motion, which abnormally diminishes the normal physiologic range of motion
What is a Pathologic Barrier?
A permanent restriction of joint motion associated with pathologic change of tissues (examples: contracture [muscle shortening] or osteophytes [bone spurs])
What is an Elastic Barrier?
The range between physiologic and anatomic barrier of motion in which passive ligamentous stretching occurs before tissue disruption.
Which is greater, passive or active motion?
Passive (done by the Physician)PP
Which is greater, Anatomic or Physiologic Barrier?
Anatomic Barrier
Which is more restrictive, active motion or passive motion?
Active motion
Does Anatomic Barrier go with active motion or passive motion?
Passive Motion
Does Active motion go with Anatomic Barrier or Physiologic Barrier?
Physiologic
What is the range between Anatomic and Physiologic Barrier?
Elastic Barrier
If you had full anatomical motion, and were hit by a bus. Now you have limited motion, what barrier do you hit when you try to move an injured area?
The restrictive barrier
What is the definition of Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment?
The Therapeutic application of manually guided forces by an osteopathic physician to improve physiologic function and/or support homeostasis
What is Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine (OMM)?
The application of osteopathic philosophy, structural diagnosis and the use of OMT in the diagnosis and management of a patient.
What is the difference between direct and indirect osteopathic techniques?
A direct technique engages the restrictive barrier and carries the dysfunctional component toward or through the restrictive barrier.An indirect technique DOES NOT engage the the restrictive barrier. The dysfunctional body part is moved away from the restrictive barrier until tissue tension is equal in one or all planes and directions
