FUNCHEM 23 - Alkanes I

Question 1

Discuss the physical properties of alkanes.

Answer 1

Solubility: insoluble in water, soluble in non-polar solvents
Boiling point: rises as chain length increases, falls as branches are added
Density: less dense than water
State: 1-4 carbons are gases at room temp / 5-17 carbons are liquids at room temp / >= 18 carbons are waxy solids at room temp

Question 2

Define Conformers.

Answer 2

Conformers are due to the free rotation of a sigma bond between carbons, allowing for many arrangements in space. There are two types:
1. Eclipsed (12.5kJ/mol