fun facts Flashcards
what is a good leaving group
conjugate base of a strong acid
good leaving group examples
I-
Br-
Cl-
-OSO2R
H20
examples of bad leaving groups
F-
Hs-
-CN
-OH
-OR
sn2 reaction rate law
d pro conc / d time
k (subs) ( nuc)
bimolecular nucleophilic substitution
RDS is the step with
highest EA
slowest to occur
SN2 free energy diagram
1 hill
sm
transition state
products
transition state: dotted lines on bonds forming and breaking. [] dagger sign
unique thing about sn2
pg 12/26 lecture notes
occurs with inversion of stereocentre
equatorial -> axial
axial -> equatorial
wedge -> dash
dash -> wedge
what must happen in an sn2 reaction
the nuc must attack at 180* to the leaving group
good nuc description
large atoms
large molecules
negative charge
sn2 cheat sheet
unhindered substrate
unhindered strong nuc
polar aprotic solvent
good lg
DMSO DMF ACETONITRILE
sn1 rate law
k (subs)
unimolecular nucleophilic substitution
sn1 free energy diagram
2 hills
sm
high Ea
intermediate
low Ea
products
the cc+ is planar bcccc
empty 2 p orbital
nuc can attach both sides
what is unique about sn1
racemization occurs
50:50 mix of enantiomers
bc it it’s planar shape
why is 3* CC+ more stable
more stabilisation via hyperconjugation due to more CH sigma bonds surrounding the CC+ donating e- density via the inductive effect.
