fuels and earth science

Question 1

what are fossil fuels?

Answer 1

non-renewable fuels

eg:

coal, oil, gas

Question 2

what is crude oil?

Answer 2

mixture of substances that needs to go through separation to be useful

Question 3

what is a hydrocarbon?

Answer 3

a chemical compound made up of hydrogen and carbon

Question 4

how is crude oil separated?

Answer 4

by fractional didtillation

Question 5

fractional distillation parts:

Answer 5

gases. GREAT
petrol. PENGUINS
kerosene KILL
diesel oil. DANGEROUS
fuel oil. FISH
bitumen. BACKWARDS

Question 6

pneumonic to remember fractional distillation

Answer 6

GREAT
PENGUINS
KILL
DANGEROUS
FISH
BACKWARDS

Question 7

what is a homologous series?

Answer 7

a family of molecules with the same general formula and share similar properties

Question 8

what do complete combustion of hydrocarbons produce?

Answer 8

carbon dioxide

water

Question 9

what causes incomplete combustion?

Answer 9

when there is not enough oxygen around

Question 10

what does incomplete combustion produce?

Answer 10

carbon dioxide
water

AND

carbon monoxide

Question 11

how is carbon monoxide dangerous?

Answer 11

combines with red blood cells which stops them from carrying oxygen

lack of oxygen is bad

Question 12

what does sulfur dioxide cause?

Answer 12

acid rain

Question 13

what causes sulfur dioxide?

Answer 13

burning fossil fules

Question 14

how are nitrogen oxides created?

Answer 14

oxygen reacting with nitrogen in the air

Question 15

what is cracking?

Answer 15

splitting up long-chain hydrocarbons

Question 16

how does cracking work?

Answer 16

turns saturated molecules into smaller unsaturated alkane molecules

Question 17

how are alkene molecules produced?

Answer 17

cracking

Question 18

what is finite?

Answer 18

there is a limited amount of

Question 19

what is an alkane?

Answer 19

simplest form of a hydrocarbon