Fuels 2.0

Question 1

what are the three equations which describes sulphur’s transformation into acid rain?

Answer 1

Sulfur + oxygen → sulfur dioxide
S(s) + O2(g) → SO2(g)
SO2(g) + H2O(l) → H2SO3(aq)
H2SO3(aq) + ½O2(g) → H2SO4(aq)

Question 2

effect of acid rain

Answer 2

-reacts with metals and rocks such as limestone, weakening and damaging buildings and statues
-damages plants and trees, making them lose their leaves and die
-makes rivers and lakes too acidic for some aquatic life to survive

Question 3

equation for nitrogen (oxidised)

Answer 3

NOx

Question 4

how is nitrogen oxide produced?

Answer 4

High temperatures are reached when fuels are burned in engines

Question 5

what is cracking?

Answer 5

hydrocarbons are broken down into smaller, more useful compounds

Question 6

why is cracking important?

Answer 6

it helps to match the supply of fractions with the demand for them
it produces alkenes, which are useful as feedstock for the petrochemical industry

Question 7

how are alkenes different to alkanes?

Answer 7

alkenes are unsaturated (they contain at least one C=C double bond)