Fuel Systems

Question 1

Types of tanks

Answer 1

•Wet Wing
•Main
•Aux
•Locker

•Bladders
•Fuselage

•Removable Tanks

•Tip Tanks

Question 2

Measuring fuel quantity

Answer 2

Mechanical
● floats
● levers
● sight glasses

Electrical
●Totalizer

Question 3

Types of systems

Answer 3

Gravity fed fuel systems
●High wing carbureted

Pump fed fuel systems
●Low wing carbureted
●Low wing fuel injected
●High wing fuel injected

Question 4

Contamination

Answer 4

Solid debris
•Dust, rust, leaves, the fuel cup
•Can block filters and screens especially in fuel injected systems.
•A reason to want a carburetor on your bush plane

Surfactants
•Partially soluble compounds which are a byproduct of refining or caused by additives.
•Bonds to other contaminants and lead to sludge on the bottom of your tank.

Water
•All fuel has water in it. It will come out of solution when it gets colder.
•Snow/rain add to the problem
•Fill tanks before putting it in the hanger

Micro-organisms
•Feed off the fuel and surfactants
•Holds water to the walls of the tank causing corrosion.

Question 5

Octane

Answer 5

The higher the octane or fuel grade the slower the fuel burns.
Higher octane fuel is more resistant to detonation.

Question 6

Types of fuel

Answer 6

Octane
•Red- 80 Lead (Mogas) (rare)
•.5 ml tetraethyl lead/gal
•Green- 100 Lead (rare)
•4 ml tetraethyl lead/gal
•Blue- 100 Low Lead (Avgas)
•2 ml tetraethyl lead/gal
•Purple- 115/145 Lead (rare)
•Brown- Auto fuel unleaded
•Clear- jet fuel/kerosene (JetA/JP8)

Question 7

Alternate fuel

Answer 7

May use higher grade, NEVER LOWER
NEVER JET A/JP8/KEROSENE

Question 8

Fuel burn problems

Answer 8

Pre-Ignition-Early ignition of gas during compression stroke
- hot spots ignite gas
- typically found in rear cylinders
●Can be caused by detonation
Detonation - Uncontrolled, explosive, burning in cylinders
- Inadequate engine cooling
-Too low of an octane
-All cylinders