Fuel Storage + Delivery Flashcards
The fuel systems of an aircraft must be designed to meet the operating requirements of 14 CFR ________.
Part 23
The fuel system can be divided into these 3 functional areas:
1) Storage
2) Delivery
3) Distribution
Two types of fuel delivery systems:
1) Gravity-feed system
2) Pressure-feed system
The ________ system is used on low-wing aircraft.
Pressure feed
3 types of Jet fuel and their color:
1) Jet A
2) Jet A-1
3) Jet B
Colorless or Straw
3 types of Avgas and their colors:
1) 80 Red
2) 100 Green
3) 100LL Blue
3 ways to differentiate Avgas from Jet fuel:
1) Color
2) Viscosity
3) Evaporation Rate
T\F
Jet-A evaporates more slowly than Avgas.
True
T\F
Avgas is more volatile than Jet-A.
True
______ is a term to describe the anti-knock characteristics of Avgas
Octane.
T\F
Higher octane Avgas is more susceptible to detonation.
False.
Two common fuel related instruments:
1) Fuel Quantity gauge
2) Fuel Flow gauge
________ fuel systems must have 150% fuel flow capabilities for normal flight and takeoff.
Gravity feed
_______ fuel systems must have 125% fuel flow capabilities for normal flight and takeoff.
Pressure feed
T/F
Both gravity feed and pressure feed pumps can draw from more than one tank at a time.
False.
Pressure feed can only draw from one tank at a time.
The part of the fuel system where water and sediments can be removed.
Low point drain.
The bypass fuel rate should equal ______.
The normal fuel rate.
In a pressure feed system each engine requires _______ and _______.
One engine driven pump.
A means for bypass.
3 things to remember when routing fuel lines:
1) Rout away from heat sources.
2) Avoid sharp bends, rises and falls.
3) Route below electrical wiring.
Pressure feed fuel systems are necessary for these 3 types of aircraft:
1) Turbine aircraft.
2) Fuel injected recip engines.
3) Aircraft with fuel cells lower than the fuel metering device.
_______ are used to identify twisting in flexible lines.
Lay lines
______ fittings are used to attach lines to components.
AN/MS
Reciprocating engine strainers usually have _______ elements.
Coarse.
3 types of elements in filters/strainers:
1) Surface filtration
2) Edge filtration
3) Cellulose Fiber filtration
Two typical types of engine driven fuel pumps:
1) Spur Gear
2) Rotary Vane
Spur gear and rotary vane are two types of ______________.
Engine driven fuel pumps.
3 major types of auxiliary pumps:
1) Wobble pump
2) Pulsating electric
3) Centrifugal pump
_______ are used to ensure that all fuel in a tank is removed.
Transfer ejectors
aka “jet pumps”
3 purposes of the fuel heat exchanger:
1) Heats up fuel (via oil or bleed air) to aid in vaporization.
2) Prevents water from freezing and blocking filters.
3) Aids in cooling oil.
Engine driven fuel pumps are all _______ _________ pumps.
Positive/Constant displacement.
Auxiliary/Boost pumps are considered ________ _________ pumps.
Variable displacement
Water injection in a turbine engine is a means of ________ _______.
Thrust augmentation.
Two locations where water may be injected into a turbine engine:
1) Compressor inlet
2) Diffuser
A mixture of ______ and ______ is used in a water injection system.
Water.
Methanol.
The primary purpose of a boost pump is to prevent _____ and ______.
1) Fuel pump cavitation
2) Vapor lock
During refueling, a _______ collects overflowing fuel and directs it to an overboard drain.
Scupper
T/F
Each rigid tube should have at least one bend.
True.
This compensates for slight misalignment and vibration.
Bends in rigid tubing relieve tension caused by ______ and _______.
Expansion and contraction.
Fuel pressure is measured in ______.
PSI/PSIG
2 reasons for fuel tank vents:
1) Prevent low pressure/vacuum.
2) Allows for fuel expansion.
Fuel volatility is expressed in terms of ______.
Reid vapor pressure.
