Fuel ⛽️ Flashcards
AVTUR qualities
High calorific value
Low freezing temperature
Flows across a wide range of temperatures
Assists in lubrication
AVTUR flash point
38C-60C
AVTUR freezing temp
-47C
Specific gravity of AVTUR
0.8kg
AVGAS freezing temperature and flash point
Freeze -100C
Flash 38C
What is bio jet fuel
Renewable fuel derived from biomass (plants, algae, animal shit). Also called sustainable aviation fuel SAF.
JP means
Jet propellant
Jet A freezing temperature and where it’s used
-40C
Used in USA since 1950s and unavailable outside USA and Canada
Jet A-1 freezing point
-47C
What is the military equivalent of jet A1 and what additives does it contain
JP-8
It contains corrosion inhibitor and anti icing additives
NATO CODE F-35 and F-34 depending on the additives it contains
What is JP-5
The aircraft carrier equivalent of Jet A1
Also known as AVCAT.
It contains no anti static agents
NATO CODE F-44
What is the primary difference between JP-5 and JP-8
Flash point difference
JP-5 is 60C
JP-8 is 38C
Properties of Jet B and its military code
JP-4
NATO code F-40
Only used in very cold climates as it is very dangerous to handle
Consists of 70% gasoline and 30% kerosene
Why won’t AVGAS work in a turbine engine
Lead deposits on the turbine blade causing imbalance and damage through vibration
Doesn’t have the lubricating properties of AVTUR
Will cause detonation due to its high flash point
What is the definition of specific gravity (relative density)
The ratio of a substance to water at 4C
Auto ignition temperature of AVTUR
210C
What temperature is AVTUR kept at in the fuel tank
At least 3C warmer than its freezing point
How does entrained water appear in an AVTUR fuel sample
Dull or hazy
Where does a fuel flow meter electronically send its readings from
Low pressure part of the fuel system
What does the low pressure fuel pump do
Pumps from tank to fuel heater/oil cooler, ensuring constant fuel supply. Generally are a centrifugal type pump
What does the high pressure fuel pump do
Follows on from the low pressure fuel pump and sends from the fuel heater/oil cooler to the fuel control unit FCU. Surplus fuel is returned to the pump inlet by the FCU
Usually is a gear type fuel pump
Multi plunger /smash plate type fuel pump properties
Is a variable displacement pump
The output depends on rotational speed and reciprocation action of pistons
What does the FOHE fuel-oil heat exchanger (fuel heater/oil cooler) do
Warms fuel to prevent freezing while also keeping the oil at a good temperature
Coarse fuel filters (>40microns) are fitted between which components
Pump and tanks
