Fryette's mechanics

Question 1

rotation is …

Answer 1

motion about a vertical axis in the transverse plane

Question 2

sidebending is….

Answer 2

motion about an anterior posterior axis in the coronal plane

Question 3

flexion and extension…

Answer 3

motoin about a transverse plane in the saggital plane

Question 4

is the neutral position a single point?

Answer 4

no its a range

Question 5

what happens to the inferior and superior facets in extension?

Answer 5

the inferior facet moves down, superior moves up

the space is closed

Question 6

what happens to the inferior and superior facets in flexion

Answer 6

the inferior moves up and the superior moves down

the facet is open

Question 7

what are fryett’es principals

Answer 7

In the neutral range, sidebending and rotation are coupled in OPPOSITE directions

In sufficient flexion or extension, sidebending and rotation are coupled in the SAME direction

Initiating movement of a vertebral segment in any plane of motion will modify the movement of that segment in other planes of motion

Question 8

to what vertebrae do fryette’s 1st and 2nd principles apply?

Answer 8

the thoracic and lumbar

but the third principal applies to all three c t and l vertebrae

Question 9

what occurs first in the neutral position

Answer 9

sidebending then rotation

Question 10

what type of dysfunction occurs in groups?

Answer 10

type I

and this is because it is often compensating for a single type II dysfunction which is usually at the apex or at either end of the gruop curve

Question 11

what does the N mean for remember the type I dysfunction

Answer 11

a group must act as ONE

if the car is in neutral you must shit (sidebend) before you turn the wheel (rotate)

in type I you get 1 of each direction ( on the N)

Question 12

what occurs first in a type II dysfunction?

Answer 12

rotation occurs first

then side bending

Question 13

which dysfunction type tends to occur alone?

Answer 13

type II

Question 14

what do type II dysfunctions behave like?

Answer 14

behave like a flexible ruler

rotation must occur first before it can sidebend
AND occur in the same direction
also occur in flexion or extension

Question 15

remember the FE for type II

Answer 15

because there are two letters so flexion or extension and the arrows are pointin in the same direction so rotation and side bending to the same side

Question 16

type II extension SD

Answer 16

one facet is unable to open completely

When this segment is flexed or returned to neutral, one facet will open, but the other remains closed

This segment returns to symmetry upon extension when both facets are closed

Question 17

type II flexion SD

Answer 17

One facet gets stuck open

When this segment is extended or returned to neutral, one facet will remain open while the other closes

Because both facets are still able to open, the segment returns to symmetry in flexion

Question 18

what is arthrodial restriction

Answer 18

thin layer adherence at facet joints

maintained by muscle hypertonicity

Question 19

what is muscular restriction. what type of dysfunction do the longer paraspinal muscles maintain? and the shorter?

Answer 19

longer paraspinal --> maintain type I
-often postural compensation/chronic
(erector spinae, splenius, serratous) 
shorter paraspinal--> maintain type II
often acute
(transversospinal and intersegmental muscles)

Question 20

what are the types of SD

Answer 20

arthrodial
muscular restriction
fascial and ligamentous restriction
edema

Question 21

what does translating mean? and what does it induce?

Answer 21

pushing a segment

so if you push a segment it will induce sidebending in the opposite direction

so if something translates more easily to the right then it prefers left sidebending

Question 22

when naming type I neutral dysfunction what do you write

Answer 22

sidebending first !

whereas rotation will be first for type II

Question 23

what is SD named for?

Answer 23

the ease of motion

Question 24

what does a right transverse process that is more posterior than the left indicate

Answer 24

segment is rotated right

Question 25

what does it mean when someone says a vertebrae is restricted in right rotation

Answer 25

then we know that the vertebrae is rotated left

so whatever direction motion is restricted the SD is in the opposite direction

Question 26

findings do not improve with flexion or extension

Answer 26

type I dysfunction

Question 27

findings improve in…

Answer 27

if findings improve in flexion, the vertebra is flexed

Question 28

paraspinal fullness/elevation on the left or right side?

Answer 28

For neutral curves, this may tell you the side of rotation, from which you could deduce the direction of sidebending.

For type II lesions, this may indicate the side of rotation, which is also the direction of sidebending.
However, this phrase is used primarily for type I lesions.

Question 29

what is the gold standard for diagnosis

Answer 29

motion testing

Question 30

what is the rule of 3’s for the thoracic spine

Answer 30

T1-T3 spinous process at same level as transverse process
T4=T6 spinous process is a half step below the transverse process
T7-T9 spinous process is a full step below the transverse process
T10- full step
T11- half
T12 same level

Question 31

where is the level of the spinous process of T2

Answer 31

superior aspect of scapula

Question 32

where is the level of the spinous process of T3

Answer 32

medial aspect of the spine of the scapula

Question 33

where is the level of the spinous process of T7

Answer 33

inferior angle of the scapula

Question 34

where is the level of the spionous process of L4

Answer 34

iliac crests

Question 35

what are the facets doing in neutral

Answer 35

not engaged