frontal cortex Flashcards
function of frontal cortex in relation with stimuli
select and plans the appropiate answer
where is the primary motor cortex located:
A) superior frontal gyrus
B) superior parieral lobule
C) middle temporal gyrus
D) inferior frontal gyrus
E) frontal side central sulcus
F) superior temporal gyrus
G) posterior superior temporal gyrus
H) inferior parietal lobule
I) parieto-ocipital lobule
J) anterior central gyrus
E) frontal side central sulcus
“prefrontal cortex”
prefrotnal cortex regualtes:
1. thalamus
2. cerebellum
3. midbrain
4. limbic system
5. coccygeal region
- limbic system
choose the right functions of prefrontal cortex:
A) Spatial awareness and perception
B) Judgement and concentration
C) Object recognition and visual memory
D) Restrain, initiative and order
E) Creativity, curiosity and personality
F) Planning, working memory and attention
G) Regulation of body temperature, hunger, thirst, and circadian rhythms
H) Fear processing and emotional responses
F) Motor coordination and balance
G) Abstract reasoning, executive function, decision making
B) Judgement and concentration
E) Creativity, curiosity and personality
F) Planning, woring emmory and attention
G) Abstract reasoning, executive function, decision making
select correct symptoms when prefontal cortex is damage
1. Personality change
2. Spatial neglect
3. Ataxia
4. Expressive aphasia
5. Sensory disturbances
6. Appetite and weight changes
7. Sleep disturbances
8. Lost of spontaneous interactions
9. Inability to focus on a task
10. Dysmetria
11. Memory impairment
12. Difficulty to complete a task
- personality change
- lost of spontaneous interactions
- inability to focus on a task
- difficulty to complete
- expresive aphasia
Spatial neglect is a disease not a symptom
which function is the prefrontal cortex does by itself without the help of other lobes:
A) Executive Functions
B) Motor Functions
C) Sensory Functions
D) Language Functions
E) Memory Functions
F) Emotional Functions
G) Cognitive Functions
A) Executive Functions
B) Motor Functions
Also does cognitive functionsbut involves parietal and temporal
executive function is important for which pathological situation
1. TBI
2. Stroke
3. Addiction
4. Epilepsy
5. Metabolic disorders
6. Brain tumours
7. Personality disorders
8. Physiatric diusorders
9. Dementia
Addiction, Personality disorders, Dementia
what’s the function of the white matter tracts
choos
connect cortical regions in the brain
(anatomical strctures)
choose which cells forms the white matter tract:
- Pyramidal Neurons
- Basket Cells
- Purkinje Cells
- Bipolar Neurons:
- Motor Neurons
- Sensory Neurons
- Interneurons
- Myelinated neurons
- Granule Cells
Myelinated neurons
match the type of fibers with its correct function:
A) Assocaiton fibers
B) Commissural fibers
C) Projection fibers
a) connect across hemispheres
b) connect cortex to other brain regions
c) connect cortical areas in the same hemisphere
- Association fibers: connect cortical areas in the same hemisphere
- Commisural fibers: connect across hemispheres
- Projection fibers: connect cortex to other brain areas
match each tract with the correct type of fiber it is composed of:
A) superior longitudinal fasciuilum
B) corona-radita
C) corpus callosum
D) arcuate Fascicullum
E) corticospinal (motor) tract
A) Assocaiton fibers
B) Commissural fibers
C) Projection fibers
Association fibers:
superior longiyudinal fascicuilum
arcuate fascicuillum
Commissural fibers:
corpus callosum
Projection fibers:
corticospinal tract
corona-radita
what’s imapired in addicts
- temporal cortex
- wernicke’s area
- posterior parietal cortex
- prefrontal cortex
- primary motor cortex
prefrontal cortex
which Brodmann area is related to dorsolateral prefrontal cortex:
A) 22
B) 37
C) 25
D) 1,2,3
E) 5, 7, 39, 40
F) 17
G) 41, 42
H) 5,7
I) 28, 19, 20, 21
J) 47
K) 9,46
L) 44, 45
M) 24, 32, 33
9, 46
which Brodmann area is related to ventromedial prefrontal cortex:
A) 22
B) 37
C) 25
D) 1,2,3
E) 5, 7, 39, 40
F) 17
G) 41, 42
H) 5,7
I) 28, 19, 20, 21
J) 47
K) 9,46
L) 44, 45
M) 24, 32, 33
which Brodmann area is related to anterior cingulante cortex:
A) 22
B) 37
C) 25
D) 1,2,3
E) 5, 7, 39, 40
F) 17
G) 41, 42
H) 5,7
I) 28, 19, 20, 21
J) 47
K) 9,46
L) 44, 45
M) 24, 32, 33
24, 32, 33
attribute the correct characteristic to each part of the frontal cortex
A) dorsolateral PFC
B) ventromedial PFC
C) anterior cingulante PFC
- area 35
- projects to hippocampus
- desicion-making
- attention
- working memory
- cognitive control
- cognitive processes
- executive function
- rewards and punishment
- outputs back to limbic system
- area 9 and 46
- calculate value
- regulation of emotion
- area 24, 32 ,33
- abstract reasoning
- conflict monitoring
- top-down regulation of attention
- error detection
- medial frontal lobe
dorsolateral PFC:
- area 9 and 46
- working memory
- projects to hippocampus
- abstract reasoning
- cognitive control
- top-down regulation of attention
ventromedial PFC:
- area 25
- rewards and punishment
- outputs back to limbic system
- calculate value
- regulation of emotion
anterior cingulante PFC:
- area 24, 32, 33
- medial frontal lobe
- cognitive processes:
· executive function
· attention
· conflict monitoring
· error detection`
developing self-control as child have no impact on your success in life
false
tested in stanford marshmallow experiment
which test is perform to test cognitive control:
- False belief test
- Stroop task
- Matrix Reasoning Test
- Digit-symbol coding test
- Digit Span Forward Task
- Spatial Span Forward
- N-Back Task
- Letter-Number Sequencing Task
Stroop task
what imapairs prefrontal cortex?
stress, fatigue and alcohol
noradrenaline impairs prefrotnal cortex in low doses: true or false
false.
low doses= attention; high doses= stress
gustatory aothway allows us to…
calculate value of food
what’s the function of the orbitofrontal cortex?
- projects to hippocampus
- desicion-making
- attention
- working memory
- cognitive control
- cognitive processes
- executive function
- perceive flavour
- rewards and punishment
- outputs back to limbic system
- calculate value in real-time
- regulation of emotion
- abstract reasoning
- conflict monitoring
- integrates taste with other sensory information
- top-down regulation of attention
- error detection
- calculate value in real-time rather than just base in experiences (amygdala)
- integrates taste eith other sensory information
- perceive flavour
takes aprt in gustatory pathway
wher is the secondary gustatory cortex situaded:
A) superior frontal gyrus
B) superior parieral lobule
C) middle temporal gyrus
D) inferior frontal gyrus
E) superior temporal gyrus
F) lateral orbifrontal cortex
G) posterior superior temporal gyrus
H) inferior parietal lobule
I) parieto-ocipital lobule
J) anterior central gyrus
F) lateral orbifrontal cortex
which Brodmann area is related to secondary gustatory cortex:
A) 22
B) 37
C) 25
D) 1,2,3
E) 5, 7, 39, 40
F) 17
G) 41, 42
H) 5,7
I) 28, 19, 20, 21
J) 47
K) 9,46
L) 44, 45
M) 24, 32, 33
N) 43
47
which Brodmann area is related to primary gustatory cortex:
A) 22
B) 37
C) 25
D) 1,2,3
E) 5, 7, 39, 40
F) 17
G) 41, 42
H) 5,7
I) 28, 19, 20, 21
J) 47
K) 9,46
L) 44, 45
M) 24, 32, 33
N) 43
43
fucntion of secondary gustatory cortex is…
- projects to hippocampus
- desicion-making
- attention
- working memory
- cognitive control
- cognitive processes
- executive function
- rewards and punishment
- outputs back to limbic system
- link stimuli to value
- regulation of emotion
- abstract reasoning
- conflict monitoring
- top-down regulation of attention
- error detection
link stimuli to value
palatability
secondary gustatory cortex is always active: true or false
false
shuts down when eaten too much
two main components of working memory are…
- phonological loop
- visuo-spatial sketchpad
they can run parallel task which use the same component: true or false
false:
- can run parallel, low load task which use a differnt component (reharsing numbers while walking
- cannot run task whoch both use the same component (mentally reharsing numbers while saying unrelated words outloud)
define episodic buffer
integration of working memory components with long-term memory
integrate view and sound together
what the function of the central excutive physiological process
coordinates the information provided by the two slave systems, the phonological loop and the visuo-spatial sketchpadso they dont get overloaded
its four important executive component processes:
1. Capacity to focus attention
2. Capacity to divide attention between two concurrent tasks
3. Capacity to switch attention from one task to another
4. Capacity to provide a link between working memory and long term memory
boss of the working memory model
