Fromm - Humanistic Psychoanalysis Flashcards
States that people have lost their connection with nature and each other; emphasizes the influences of sociobiological factors, history, economics, and class structure on personality
Humanistic Psychoanalysis
Feelings of isolation and loneliness
Basic anxiety
Fromm assumed that individual personality can be understood only in light of _______
Human history
Fromm assumed that humans have been torn away from their _______ and left with _______ to adapt to a changing world
from their prehistoric union with nature and left with no powerful instincts to adapt to a changing world
An ability to reason about one’s isolated conditions
Human dilemma
The first existential dichotomy is that between __. Although we desire life, our ability to __ tells us that we will die
life and death; reason
What is the second dichotomy
We are capable of setting goals for individual growth that we know we can never reach
Fromm’s 3rd existential dichotomy
We recognize that we are ultimately alone, but we cannot tolerate isolation
5 Human Needs
Relatedness
Transcendence
Rootedness
Sense of identity
Frame of orientation
Human/existential need to unite with another person or persons
Relatedness
People can relate to the world by…
Submission, power, love
Only route to relatedness wherein a person can unite with the world while also achieving individuality and integrity
Love
Human/existential need to rise above our passive and accidental existence into the realm of purposefulness & freedom
Transcendence
Killing for reasons other than survival
Malignant aggression
Human/existential need to establish roots and to feel at home again
Rootedness
Productive strategy of rootedness
Growing beyond the security of our mother and establishing ties with the outside world
Nonproductive strategy of rootedness
Becoming fixated and afraid to move beyond the security of our mother; externally dependent
Human/existential need to be aware of ourselves as a separate entity
Sense of identity
Productive strategy of sense of identity
Individuality
Nonproductive strategy of sense of identity
Adjustment to a group
Human/existential need for a road map to make our way through the world; enables people to organize the various stimuli that impinge on them
Frame of orientation
Productive strategy of frame of orientation
Rational goals
Nonproductive strategy of frame of orientation
Irrational goals
A road map without a goal or destination is worthless
TRUE
Mechanisms to reduce the frightening sense of isolation and loneliness
Mechanisms of escape
Tendency to give up one’s independence and unite with a powerful partner
Authoritarianism
Stems from feelings of powerlessness and can be disguised as love/loyalty
Masochism
Attempts to achieve unity with another person/s by dominating, exploiting, or hurting others
Sadism
Masochism is more neurotic and socially harmful than sadism. TF
FALSE
Doing away with other people/thing
Destructiveness
Surrendering one’s individuality to meet the wishes of others
Conformity
Human dilemma can only be solved through
positive freedom
Spontaneous activity of the whole, integrated personality (rational & emotional personalities)
Positive freedom
Successful solution to the human dilemma of being part of the natural world while still keeping individuality
Positive freedom
A person’s relatively permanent way of relating to people and things
Character orientation
Nonproductive character orientations
Receptive, exploitative, hoarding, marketing
Productive character orientations
Love, work, reasoning
A nonproductive character orientation wherein one believes that all good lies outside themselves and relate to the world by receiving things, including love and material possessions
Receptive
A nonproductive character orientation wherein one believes that all good lies outside themselves and act aggressively to get what they want
Exploitative
A nonproductive character orientation wherein one values things or people they have already obtained and hold on to these
Hoarding
A nonproductive character orientation wherein one sees themselves in constant demand and changes their values to match whatever they think others want them to be
Marketing
Positive qualities - loyalty, acceptance, trust
Negative qualities - passivity, submissiveness, lacks self-confidence
These are all qualities of a _______ character orientation
Receptive
Positive qualities - impulsive, proud, charming, self-confident
Negative qualities - egocentric, conceited, arrogant, seducing
These are all qualities of a _______ character orientation
Exploitative
Positive qualities - orderliness, cleanliness, punctuality
Negative qualities - rigidity, sterility, obstinacy, compulsivity, lack of creativity
These are all qualities of a _______ character orientation
Hoarding
Positive qualities - changeability, open-mindedness, adaptability, generosity
Negative qualities - aimlessness, opportunism, inconsistency, wastefulness
These are all qualities of a _______ character orientation
Marketing
This productive character orientation is characterized by care, responsibility, respect, knowledge
Love (socialization)
A passionate love of life and all that’s alive
Biophilia
This productive character orientation is directed towards attaining positive freedom and as a means of creative self-expression
Work (Assimilation)
This productive character orientation is motivated by a concerned interest in another person or object
Reasoning (Thinking)
A personality disorder characterized by a love of death
Necrophilia
A personality disorder characterized by a belief that everything belonging to themselves has great value and anything belonging to others is worthless; preoccupation with the sel
Malignant Narcissism
Obsessive attention to one’s health
Hypochondriasis
Preoccupied guilt about past offenses
Moral hypochondriasis
A personality disorder characterized by extreme dependence on one’s mother or mother surrogate
Incestuous Symbiosis
Unhealthy character orientations that exhibit all 3 personality disorders
Syndrome of decay
Healthy character orientations that display qualities of biophilia, love, and positive freedom
Syndrome of growth
Lack of satisfaction in any of the human/existential needs can lead to insanity
TRUE
Physiological needs are enough to resolve our human dilemma. TF
FALSE
T/F: Healthy people see others as they want them to be
False
Healthy people see others as they are and not as they would wish them to be
