from the second half of semester

Question 1

what is ethics?

Answer 1

considers the question “what should I do?” generally considered synonymous with morals, it guides the relationship between the individual and the collective

Question 2

three ways ethical decisions differ from non ethical decisions?

Answer 2

1. they are concerned with actions that can seriously impact the welfare or survival of others
2. ethical standards take priority over other standards
3. the soundness of ethical standards depends on the reasons used to justify them

Question 3

four (main) steps involved in ethical decision making?

Answer 3

1 - identify/recognise/characterise ethical issue
2 - identify stakeholders (parties involved/affected)
3 - determine information and evidence required to make a decision
4 - use ethical framework to make a considered judgement

Question 4

consequentialist approaches - these focus on the outcome of an action, which theoretical positions fall under this category?

Answer 4

contractarianism, utilitarianism, and respect for nature

Question 5

non consequentialist approaches - these focus on the nature of the action or the principle behind it, not the outcome. which theoretical positions take this approach?

Answer 5

animal rights, relational (care) ethics, and virtue ethics

Question 6

The interests of all affected beings count. Respectful treatment matters and this includes respect for life - which theoretical position is this?

Answer 6

animal rights

Question 7

The nature of the human-animal relationship and strength of the human-animal bond are the focus. I have relationships with animals and care about them - which theoretical position is this?

Answer 7

Relational (Care) Ethics

Question 8

Good decisions follow from me having a virtuous character, not necessarily from adhering to moral rules - which theoretical position is this?

Answer 8

virtue ethics

Question 9

What is in it for me? (and those who collaboration I depend on) - which theoretical position is this?

Answer 9

Contractarianism/Egoism (same thing)

Question 10

I consider the interests of all affected sentient beings. Animals are also stakeholders - which theoretical position is this?

Answer 10

Utilitarianism

Question 11

The protection of species, genetic integrity, ecosystems, and other collective entities matter the most to me - which theoretical position is this?

Answer 11

respect for nature

Question 12

what are the main differences between rights (freedoms) and responsibilities (duties)?

Answer 12

we must have rights, while responsibilities are things we should do
- rights are fundamental freedoms and legal entitlements to have something or access it in a certain way
- responsibilities are something we should do eg recycling

Question 13

what does RTT stand for?

Answer 13

research, testing and teaching

Question 14

what do the three R’s stand for?

Answer 14

replacement, reduction, refinement

Question 15

three R’s - what is the main point of them?

Answer 15

ensuring that animals are only used when absolutely necessary, and when they are they are treated with care and respect

Question 16

what does Replacement in the three R’s represent?

Answer 16

where possible, a replacement to animal testing should be used

Question 17

what does Reduction in the three R’s represent?

Answer 17

the minimum amount of animals possible should be used to gain good results

Question 18

what does Refinement in the three R’s represent?

Answer 18

the animals should not suffer - welfare of animals should be a priority

Question 19

most important words in animal welfare legislation?

Answer 19

to prevent unnecessary and unreasonable pain and/or distress - this is the benchmark for the whole thing

Question 20

who is NAEAC, and what do they deal with?

Answer 20

the national animal ethics advisory committee - deals with use of animals in research, teaching, and testing

Question 21

who is NAWAC, and what do they deal with?

Answer 21

the national animal welfare advisory committee - deals with all animal welfare matters OTHER THAN animals in research, testing and teaching

Question 22

who enforces animal welfare for production animals?

Answer 22

MPI

Question 23

who enforces animal welfare for companion animals?

Answer 23

SPCA

Question 24

who enforces animal welfare for lifestyle blocks

Answer 24

joint effort between MPI and SPCA, but guidelines:
- 10 or fewer animals, non commercial setting = spca,
- commercial farms, 11 or more animals = MPI

Question 25

what makes animals “behave”?

Answer 25

most behaviours are motivated by experiences/affective states (positive drivers or negative drivers)

Question 26

study of how the behaviour developed in the animal/s lifetime?

Answer 26

ontogeny