Friday Review

Question 1

chemotherapy causes cell death by ____

Answer 1

apoptosis (DNA damage)

Question 2

HIV kills cells by ____

Answer 2

apoptosis

Question 3

What are two groups of caspases? What cell process do they matter for?

Answer 3

Initiator and executioner (apoptosis)

Question 4

What two pathways of apoptosis? Which is dominant?

Answer 4

Mitochondrial (intrinsic), death receptor (extrinsic – mostly in lymphocytes)

mitochondrial is the dominant pathway

Question 5

What release is key from mitochondria is required for apoptosis?

Answer 5

cytochrome c triggers caspase activation

Question 6

BCl2: which are pro apoptotic? which are anti apoptotic?

Answer 6

pro: Bax, Bak -> channel allows cytochrome c

Anti: Bcl2, Bclx -> prevent cytochrome c from leaving mitochondria

Question 7

How does p53 matter for apoptosis?

Answer 7

DNA damage is sensed by p53

Question 8

buildup of unfolded proteins happens when? what ensues?

Answer 8

protein folding demand exceeds protein folding capacity -> we try to use chaperones

terminal unfolded protein response leads to apoptosis