Friday - Nerves Flashcards
What part of the embryological neural tube hold PNS nerves? What part holds CNS nerves?
PNS - neural crest
CNS - nerual tube
Nissl stain stains what?
Nissyl bodies - clumps of rough ER
Oligodendrocytes do what? What do their nucleii look like?
Myelinate multiple CNS axons. Very dark, small circles.
What type of cells make up the choroidal epithelium and what do they do?
Ependymal cells. have cilia that help move the CSF.
Oligodendrocytes vs Schwann cells
former myelinate at multiple cites in the CNS, latter myelinate at only one site in the PNS.
What is the space between the myelinations called?
Nodes of Renvier
What does the JC virus do
causes degeneration of oligodendrocytes
Define chromatolysis
Changes in the cell body of a neuron (usually swelling)
This result of regeneration of neurological tissue causes a lot of chronic pain
Truamatic neuroma. occurs if regenerating neurons cannot overcome obstacles between the cut ends of the nerve
These nerve cells end on blood vessels. what do they do
Astrocytes.
Structural support
uptake of excess patassium from extrecellular spaces during intense neuronal activity
Scar formation (gliosis)
phagocytosis
isolation of nerve terminals from each other
regulation of entry of substances into interneuronal space
Where are pyramidal cells found?
Cerebral cortex.
microglial cells. what best stains them?
Phagocytic cells, best seen with golgi stain.
Where are pukinje cells located in the brain? which parts of it are in which layers?
Cerebellum. The highly branched dendritic portion is found in the molecular layer, and a single, long axon extends into the granular layer (all of it is in the grey matter.)
What accumulates in dorsal root ganglion cells via wear and tear?
Lipofuscin.
What neuronal cells have a distinct, dark staining nucleolus inside a CENTERED nucleus?
Dorsal root ganglia cells. (pseudounipolar cells)
