FRG: SOCIAL & FOREIGN POLICY

Question 1

What were two of the biggest challenges for Adenauer in social stability?

Answer 1

Had to win the support of Germans who had either supported, or at least co-operated with the Nazis as well as, millions of refugees from the East.

Question 2

What percentage of civil servants were ex-Nazis?

Answer 2

40-80%

Question 3

How was housing improved?

Answer 3

Some 430,000 homes were built by 1952 and over 4 million by 1957.

Question 4

What was happening by the 1960s?

Answer 4

Economic Growth started to level off. New challenges presented by the young who felt excluded.

Question 5

What was Adenauer’s biggest achievement in foreign policy?

Answer 5

Making West Germany indispensable to the West.

Question 6

What did the new international relations help to do?

Answer 6

Ensured Germany would never be in the position to wage war again.
Include the state in moves towards Western European integration.

Question 7

What was the main issue with Adenauer’s foreign policy?

Answer 7

Rejected closer relations with the east and created antagonism between the two Germany’s.

Question 8

What event showed clear economic integration?

Answer 8

April 1951: Franco-German coal and steel production was placed under common authority.

Question 9

Give evidence of growing trust economically.

Answer 9

West Germany joined EURATOM, a clear sign of trust with France.

Question 10

How was West Germany politically integrated?

Answer 10

Joined the Council of Europe in 1948.

Joined the EEC in its founding in 1957.

Question 11

What did Adenauer state in 1948 about West Germany’s commitment to West Europe?

Answer 11

“We belong to the West, not Soviet Russia.”

Question 12

Where is there evidence of West Germany not being fully integrated?

Answer 12

Military integration.

Question 13

How did Adenauer achieve military rearmament?

Answer 13

Joined NATO in 1955. NATO forces were placed on German soil due to fears of communist aggression across the border.

Question 14

What action did Stalin take when concerned about the western integration in West Germany?

Answer 14

Suggested that the USSR might give up its control over East Germany in return for a unified, neutral Germany. The Allies rejected.

Question 15

What did Adenauer do in the 1953 uprising in the DDR?

Answer 15

Ignored it. Refused to recognise the DDR as a separate state and refused to have diplomatic relations.

Question 16

Give an evaluation of Adenauer’s foreign policy.

Answer 16

There were some setbacks in his foreign policy, due to his reaction to developments in the east, but these were far outweighed by his achievements.

Question 17

What was the aim of the European Defence Organisation?

Answer 17

To prevent German resurgence officially although Communism was the greater threat.

Question 18

Why did the Americans want an Atlantic alliance?

Answer 18

They thought Europe was too vulnerable to Communism

Question 19

Why did the EDC fall apart?

Answer 19

Adenauer agreed to membership in return for Sovereignty.

Proposal was defeated by French Parliament.

Question 20

When did the FRG become a full member of NATO?

Answer 20

1955 following American pressure.

Question 21

What was the Treaty of Paris?

Answer 21

Sets up the European Coal and Steel Community to create one market for coal and steel.

Question 22

What was set up under the Treaty of Rome?

Answer 22

European Economic Community.

Question 23

What was the Petersburg Agreement?

Answer 23

Allowed the FRG to join the Council of Europe as an associate member.

Question 24

What was the OEEC created to do?

Answer 24

Administer the Marshall Plan.

Question 25

What did the ECSE create?

Answer 25

Common policies for prices, subsidies and investments.

No restrictions on imports and exports between members.

Question 26

How much was production increased by under the ECSC?

Answer 26

44%

Question 27

What was the Elysee Treaty?

Answer 27

Frano-German Treaty of Friendship.