FRG: SOCIAL & FOREIGN POLICY Flashcards
What were two of the biggest challenges for Adenauer in social stability?
Had to win the support of Germans who had either supported, or at least co-operated with the Nazis as well as, millions of refugees from the East.
What percentage of civil servants were ex-Nazis?
40-80%
How was housing improved?
Some 430,000 homes were built by 1952 and over 4 million by 1957.
What was happening by the 1960s?
Economic Growth started to level off. New challenges presented by the young who felt excluded.
What was Adenauer’s biggest achievement in foreign policy?
Making West Germany indispensable to the West.
What did the new international relations help to do?
Ensured Germany would never be in the position to wage war again.
Include the state in moves towards Western European integration.
What was the main issue with Adenauer’s foreign policy?
Rejected closer relations with the east and created antagonism between the two Germany’s.
What event showed clear economic integration?
April 1951: Franco-German coal and steel production was placed under common authority.
Give evidence of growing trust economically.
West Germany joined EURATOM, a clear sign of trust with France.
How was West Germany politically integrated?
Joined the Council of Europe in 1948.
Joined the EEC in its founding in 1957.
What did Adenauer state in 1948 about West Germany’s commitment to West Europe?
“We belong to the West, not Soviet Russia.”
Where is there evidence of West Germany not being fully integrated?
Military integration.
How did Adenauer achieve military rearmament?
Joined NATO in 1955. NATO forces were placed on German soil due to fears of communist aggression across the border.
What action did Stalin take when concerned about the western integration in West Germany?
Suggested that the USSR might give up its control over East Germany in return for a unified, neutral Germany. The Allies rejected.
What did Adenauer do in the 1953 uprising in the DDR?
Ignored it. Refused to recognise the DDR as a separate state and refused to have diplomatic relations.
Give an evaluation of Adenauer’s foreign policy.
There were some setbacks in his foreign policy, due to his reaction to developments in the east, but these were far outweighed by his achievements.
What was the aim of the European Defence Organisation?
To prevent German resurgence officially although Communism was the greater threat.
Why did the Americans want an Atlantic alliance?
They thought Europe was too vulnerable to Communism
Why did the EDC fall apart?
Adenauer agreed to membership in return for Sovereignty.
Proposal was defeated by French Parliament.
When did the FRG become a full member of NATO?
1955 following American pressure.
What was the Treaty of Paris?
Sets up the European Coal and Steel Community to create one market for coal and steel.
What was set up under the Treaty of Rome?
European Economic Community.
What was the Petersburg Agreement?
Allowed the FRG to join the Council of Europe as an associate member.
What was the OEEC created to do?
Administer the Marshall Plan.
What did the ECSE create?
Common policies for prices, subsidies and investments.
No restrictions on imports and exports between members.
How much was production increased by under the ECSC?
44%
What was the Elysee Treaty?
Frano-German Treaty of Friendship.
