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Biology- Pyschology > Freud's psychodynamic explanation of aggression > Flashcards

Freud's psychodynamic explanation of aggression Flashcards

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1
Q

How many level of consciousness are there?

A

3

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2
Q

What are the 3 levels of consciousness?

A

-The concious
-The pre-concious
-The unconscious

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3
Q

What is the conscious mind about?

A

It is what what we aware of at any one point in time. Consists mostly of the ego which is based on the reality principle with reality and makes decisions based on the life world. It consists memories that can easily be recalled and the more obvious motives underlying behaviour.

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4
Q

What is the pre-concious mind about?

A

It consists of material, which we are not currently aware of, but could be aware of. Consists of the ego and superego. The superego is based on the morality principle where decisions are made based on what is right for others.

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5
Q

What is the unconscious mind about?

A

It consists of material, which we can never have direct access to as this would create psychological problems, contains repressed memories and unconscious conflicts, instincts and desires. Consists of the ego, superego, but mainly the id. The id is based of the pleasure principle where we make decisions on what we want.

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6
Q

Is there any logic to the unconscious?

A

NAHHHHHHHH.
Opposite feelings such as love and hate can coexist without conflict. The unconscious mind makes no distinction between real events and dreams/ fantasies.
It expresses itself in slips of the tongue, feelings for which we cannot logically account, dreams, irrational behaviour and psychological symptoms.

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7
Q

The personality is made up of how many components?

A
  1. (According to Freud’s tripartite theory)
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8
Q

What are the 3 components of personality?

A

-ID
-Ego
-Superego

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9
Q

What is the ID?

A

The part of the personality driven by the pleasure principle, which functions only in the unconscious and is made up of selfish aggressive instincts that demand immediate gratification.

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10
Q

What is the ego?

A

The reality check that balances the conflicting demands of the id and the superego.

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11
Q

What is the superego?

A

The moralistic part of the personality which represents the ideal self- how we ought to be

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12
Q

At what age does the Id exist from?

A

From birth

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13
Q

At what age does the ego exist from?

A

Shortly after birth.

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14
Q

At what age does the superego exist from?

A

Around the age 5-6 years old.

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15
Q

What are unconscious defence mechanisms used for?

A

Used to protect us from distressing, painful and unpleasant thoughts and feelings. They are also called ego defence mechanisms as the ego uses these defences to deal with stress caused by the conflicting demands of the id and superego. They can either push a desire or conflict out of conscious thought ot transfer it onto something safer.

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16
Q

What is repression?

A

Pushing bad experiences or negative emotions to the back of your mind so you forget about it. It acts as a memory process to protect us from bad emotions.

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17
Q

What is denial?

A

Making yourself believe something will not happen when in fact it will, usually a reaction to bad news. Also used to defend against sexual and aggressive instincts.

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18
Q

What is displacement?

A

This is where you transfer your feelings onto something or someone else.

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19
Q

What is rationalisation?

A

Explaining our actions so that they make sense. Then we will not feel so bad about them.

20
Q

What is sublimation?

A

People are able to transform unwanted impulses into something that is less harmful and often even helpful.

21
Q

What is projection?

A

When unacceptable thoughts are dealt with by saying that they are someone else’s thoughts. This is so the ego can deal with the feelings.

22
Q

What is regression?

A

Reverting back to a child-like state because you can not get what you want and also a way of dealing with stress and avoiding conflict.

23
Q

How many psychosexual stages are there?

A

3 duhhhhh

24
Q

What are the 3 most important psychosexual stages?

A

-Oral
- Anal
- Phallic

25
Q

What is the Oral stage governed by?

A

The Id

26
Q

At what age does the Oral stage occur?

A

0- 1 1/2 years

27
Q

What happens in the Oral stage?

A

This is the first stage of personality developement. At this age pleasure is gained through the mouth (even where food is not involved). Freud thought we were born with a feeding instinct which must be satisfied. Freud said the baby is only aware of its own needs for pleasure therefore the oral stage is dominated by the “pleasure principle”.

28
Q

What are the outcomes of the conflict during the oral stage?

A

A child who has had too little stimulation will become pessimistic unable to develop personal relationships, aggressive often depressed and will see other people only as objects to satisfy him or her. They will be selfish, uncaring and untrusting. Too much stimulation means that the person will be easily “taken in” gullible and optimistic. He’ll be excitable and over enthusiastic about things.

29
Q

What is developed in the Anal stage?

A

The ego

30
Q

At what age does the anal stage occur?

A

1 1/2- 3 years

31
Q

What happens in the Anal stage?

A

Now satisfaction will be gained from controlling the bowels. Bowels control is to do with the expulsion and retention of faeces (i.e. the products of one’s own body). The id is demanding satisfaction (i.e the child must relieve itself as soon as it needs to), whilst parents are trying to train the child to control itself via potty training. Some personality problems might occur if this conflict isn’t resolved.

32
Q

What are the outcomes of the conflict in the Anal stage?

A
  • Anally renentive
  • Anally expulsive
33
Q

What is developed in the Phallic stage?

A

The superego

34
Q

At what ages does the Phallic stage occur?

A

3-6 years

35
Q

At what ages does the Phallic stage occur?

A

3-6 years

36
Q

What happens in Phallic stage? ewww

A

The focus of pleasure in the stage is in the erogenous zone (genital region). Freud suggested that children from around three years of age start to have actual but unconscious (pre-genital) sexual feelings about their (opposite sex) parents. In this stage the child is starting to develop an interest in its own and its parents’ genitals and will experience some kind of sexual feelings. Children often play with their genitals. Unconsciously the boy will start to regard his mother (who first fed him and formed an attachment to him) as a “love object. The girl will unconsciously want his father, since he is big and strong and manly, and is associated with pleasurable genital feelings for her.

37
Q

What is the complex called when sons have feeling towards their mothers?

A

Oedipus complex

38
Q

What is the complex called when daughters have feeling towards their fathers?

A

Electra complex

39
Q

What are the outcomes of the conflict during the Phallic stage?

A

During the phallic stage children will be socialised into learning what is right and wrong, what they should and shouldn’t do and they learn the different ways in which bits and girls are expected to behave.
If these conflicts cannot be resolved in a productive way then Freud said that person will develop a Phallic character, self- assured, reckless, vain and proud and they also might be incapable of loving.
Also, Issues surrounding the superego will have an effect on behaviour too.

40
Q

What happens in the Latency and general stag (not really a stage hahaha)?

A

The personality does not really change much during it. It is a time of consolidation, of sorting relationships out, overcoming the Oedipus/ Electra complex and channelling libido’s energy elsewhere. Children are going to school, absorbs most of their energy elsewhere.

41
Q

What are the life and death instincts called?

A

-Eros
-Thantos

42
Q

What does Eros manifest itself as?

A

-Sexuality

43
Q

What does Thantos manifest itself as?

A
  • Aggression
  • Destructiveness
44
Q

Are people born with equal amounts Eros and Thantos?

A

Nope

45
Q

What is Catharsis?

A

The process of releasing pent-up psychic energy

46
Q

According to Freud, what happens when you prevent Catharsis?

A

It will eventually produce a destructive aggressive outburst directed either inwards (suicide, self harm) or outwards (a violent assault).

47
Q

Who disproves Freud’s theory of Catharsis?

A

Bushman
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Biology- Pyschology (9 decks)

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