French revelution Flashcards
revise for test
what was the revolution about and why did the French want to revolve
The French Revolution started from social inequality, economic struggles, Enlightenment ideas, it’s to overthrow the monarchy and form a republic based on liberty and equality,
when did the French revolution start
1789
who were in the first estate and what were their privileges
the clergy they had privileges of:
. don’t have to pay taxes
. had their own law courts
who were the second estate and what were their privileges
the nobilities they had privileges of:
. the right to carry a sword
. have to pay little in taxes
. don’t have to do military service
who were the third estate and what were their privileges
the commoners they have privileges of:
NONE
why did the French people think that the tax system is outdated
French system would just make the rich richer and the poor poorer since the richer you are the less tax you have to pay
how was the wealth gap so big in France and add data
first estate=1%
second estate=4%
third estate=95%
and this all caused by the unfair taxing witch made the 95% of people mad
what was a new way of thinking that was introduced and what was it all about
it’s called “Reason” it was believed that the only way to tell if something is true or not is to observe and test it
what was a new public opinion in 1789
a more humane torture free system of law
who were the king and queen of France
Louis XVI and Mary Antoinette
why was Louis XVI disliked
he was a absolute Monarchy witch means that he did not share power
why was Mary Antoinette disliked
1) she was Austrian
2) she spends huge amount of money on clothes, gambling, jewellery, and she also has favourites at court and also because she was unfaithful to Louis XVI
what did people offensively call Mary Antoinette
people called her an “Austrian woman” witch sounds like bitch in French
why did some people criticise Mary Antoinette for building her hamlet
. spending a huge sum of money on it
. the money she used could have gone to better use especially when her country is struggling
. building this luxurious Hamlet and making it look old and all run down made the offended the poor witch made people more angry
. it was a sign of royal power
why did people defend Mary Antoinette when she was criticised for building her Hamlet
. she saved twelve poor families using the Hamlet
. improved agriculture
. bring in an average of 6,000 livres per year
when where and what was the Petit Trianon
when: 1783
where: grounds of the palace of Versailles
what: a little Hamlet
what was the “Lettres de cachet”
“Lettres de cachet” were royal orders of imprisonment or exile without trial from the king and for as long as the king wished witch people hated
why was France in financial debt and add reasons
because France was spending much more than they earned mainly on:
. Military spending
. Royal family lived lavishly
. Most Taxes were paid by the poor
why was the new tax system delayed from coming into effect
first and second estate didn’t want to lose their tax privilege
The king and the estates couldn’t agree on something
financial issues at the moment made changes difficult.
when did Louis XVI call the estates general
5th May 1789
why did Louis XVI call the estates generals
King Louis XVI called the Estates-General in 1789 to deal with France’s financial problems and ask for tax approval. This meeting started the French Revolution.
what was the Ancien Regime
The Ancien Regime was France’s old and unfair tax system
why was Diderot seen as a threat to the church
because he spread Enlightenment ideas that challenged religious authority which encouraged an anti-religious view
what was the Enlightenment
The Enlightenment was all about and individual rights and thinking, it questioned traditional ideas. It’s about freedom which played against the church
what ideas did the church spread
In France in 1789, the Church encouraged people to follow social orders and discouraged questioning authority, promoting obedience and loyalty.
what was the voting system in the estates general meeting
In the Estates-General, the voting system was each estate. had one vote, which meant the First and Second Estates could easily outvote the Third Estate in the estates general meeting which was unfair
what caused the food crisis in France
The food crisis that led to mass hunger was caused by a series of weather events. First, a massive hailstorm destroyed farmland, followed by a drought, a really cold winter, and finally a flood that ruined even more crops.
what’s the main source of royal income
direct land tax called taille witch the witch the first and second estates did not need to pay
give an example of a tax that the third estate had too pay but the second and first estates did not
direct land tax called taille
what were the effect that the bad weather (food crisis) in France
The price of bread rose significantly, making it so expensive that people could not afford other necessities. This led to factories losing business, resulting in job losses and contributing to riots and strikes.
What was the term Mirabeau coined for France’s out of date society?
Ancien regime
who was Jean Jaques Rousseau
Jean Jaques Rousseau’s works were banned by the government. He argued “Man is born free and everywhere he is in chains”.
what did Denis Diderot do
. he wrote the Encyclopédie to challenge the Catholic Church.
. He defended Jean Calas who was wrongly accused of murder.
what was the complaint list
1789 a list of complaint which were then given to the estates general to be given to the king
