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Classics Art And Architecture A level > Free Standing Males 5th Classical Period > Flashcards

Free Standing Males 5th Classical Period Flashcards

1
Q

What are the dates of the classical period

A

490-323 bc

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2
Q

How does the kritios boy break the kouros pose ?

A

Weight no longer evenly distributed with its hips not horizontal

Contraposto - counter balance with tilted hips and tilted shoulders at opposite angles.
Contracts one side and extenuates other

Head turned slightly to the right breaking the frontal emphasis of the kouros

OBTAINS REALISM

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3
Q

What is significant about the kritios boys’ eyes ?

A

Inlaid eyes

Made separately to show colour contrast

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4
Q

What is sophrosyne ?

Why was it adapted.

A

A Greek virtue of being moderate and rational , having control of their appetites and desires as opposed to hubristic individuals

This was adapted to emphasise how Greeks were virtuous in contrast to the hubristic Persians
In Persian wars

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5
Q

When were the Persian wars , who fought them and where ?

A

490 bc
Battle of marathon
Darius invasion
Greek victory against overwhelming odds

480 bc
Salamis
Xerxes invasion
Greek victory against overwhelming odds

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6
Q

What is contraposto

A

Counter balance
Hips tilted and shoulders tilted in the opposite way
One side of the torso contracts and the other extends

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7
Q

Who sculpted the kritios. Boy

A

Kritios

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8
Q

What function does the kritios boy have ?

A

Found at Athenian acropolis ? Votive ?

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9
Q

What does it mean to orchestrate classical idealism ?

A

Neutral expression

In control !

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10
Q

What problems still persist with the kritios boy ?

A

hair is unnatural
It is short with a ring going around it with carved in swirls

However baby hairs make it more realistic

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11
Q

How does the kritios boy obtain realism ?

A

Breaks kouros pose

Organic muscles

Eyes would have been more realistic

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12
Q

What is the plural for polis

A

Poleis

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13
Q

Name the main 2 Panhellenic games

A

Olympic Games

Pythian games

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14
Q

What is the function of the Delphi charioteer ?

Why is this significant ?

A

Commemorates victory at Pythian games

Votive and political !

First statue of political significance
Conveys superiority of individual from particular polis highlighting the superiority of that polis

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15
Q

What material is the Delphi charioterrr

A

Bronze

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16
Q

How is the Delphi charioteer similar to other statues in the classical period ?

A

Sophrosyne

Objects to convey identity I.e. Artemisinin Zeus and Myron’s diskobolos

Realism obtain in proportions!

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17
Q

How does the Delphi charioteer’s hair differ from the kritios boys’ hair ?

How is it able to do this ?

A

There is a textural improvement allowing the hair to be conveyed in greater detail
(There is also a headband to indicate victory)
Pieces have been solder on separately under his ear

This is able to happen as the material ,bronze, was originally made out of clay which allows more detailed sculpting as you build up rather than break down material

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18
Q

What is new about the Delphi charioteer compared to the other statues seen previously
(3)

A

Eyelashes !

Clothed statue! In chiton with flow depicted well

Would have been a group statue

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19
Q

Who was the Delphi charioteer commissioned for ?

A

Polyzalos

However not a statue of him !
As slave would have rode

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20
Q

What is the significance of the blond boy

A

POLYCROMED - traces of paint remain on the hair

Classical idealism expression

21
Q

Where was the blond boy found ?

What does this indicate

A

Athenian acropolis

Votive statue

22
Q

What is significant about the blond boy’s turn to the right

A

Indicates lack of frontal emphasis and technical difficulties involved in foreshortening

23
Q

Which objects would the Artemision Zeus have ?

A

Lightning bolt - zeros

Trident - Poseidon

24
Q

How does the artemision zeus’ facial expression showcase a shift in perfection of gods

A

Sophrosyne’s neutral , controlled expression here contrasts to the previous Archaic smile

Shift from benevolence to omnipotence

Emphasising power of the Gods in Greeks after Persian wars as it was strongly believed that the wars were won because they viewed themselves as instruments of the Gods with massive power

25
Q

Which new technique is introduced in the artemision Zeus?

A

Frozen moment technique

26
Q

What is frozen moment technique ?
How is it depicted in the artemision Zeus ?

What is it’s effect

A

Sculpture captures transference of weight in a moment of motion

Feet slightly off the ground in process of lifting off to throw

Has the effect of conveying statue as dynamic
Successfully captures potential of high tensile strength material

27
Q

What drawbacks does the Artemision Zeus have ?

2

A

Hair on beard has no weight despite advances with clay

Poor all round view

28
Q

How is the Artemision Zeus conveyed as a God

A

Objects - trident or lightning bolt

Bronze - celestial glow and dazzling aesthetic

Arms elongated to ensure that height is equal to arm spans (step towards idealism beyond possibility / augmented reality)

Sophrosyne expression compared to violent action emphasising the gulf between mortals and Gods

29
Q

What is a chiasmatic composition

?

A

Limbs arranged in a way where the weight bearing limbs horizontally oppose but are diagonally symmetrical

30
Q

Why does Spivey argue that the Riace warriors may have been part of a a monument celebrating the battle of marathon

A

Second one has a helmet which resembles helmet of Perikles who commanded at marathon

31
Q

How do the Riace warriors convey idealism rather than naturalism ?

A

No coccycx !

Tensed front , relaxed back

Lack of realism because of material limits shifts to a deliberate lack of realism in favour of idealised form

Back is relaxed compared to tense front

32
Q

Hi does the first Riace warrior convey sense of alertness ?

A

Turn to right contrasts relaxed physique

33
Q

How do the Riace warriors not show sophrosyne

A

Gritted teeth 😬

34
Q

How is Myron’s diskobolos similar to the Delphi charioteer ?

A

A participant in the Panhellenic games is depicted

35
Q

How is Myron’s diskobolos. Similar to Artemision Zeus.

A

Frozen moment technique is used here with participant about to throw the discuss and foot about to come off the floor demonstrating potential movement and dynamism

36
Q

Describe the pose of Myron’s diskobolos ?

How does it contrast

A

Unnatural unbalanced and contorted pose in graceful compositional curve with right hand to left foot.
This juxtaposed with the the zig zag created from right arm to arm pit along the backside towards the left leg’s inner knee to the foot.

37
Q

What is Myron’s diskobolos’ contrast with the New York Kouros

A

NY kouros uses lines on the body’s Myron used the body to create lines

He uses advanced symmetry to create the ideal natural male

38
Q

How does classical idealism contribute to Myron’s diskobolos

A

Classical idealism gives the athlete serenity in midst of strenuous action

39
Q

Outline very briefly how Myron’s diskobolos’ zig zag / curve could reflect Greek ideal ?

A

The aesthetically opposite elements of curve and zig zag, which fit together in one whole
Could represent the mentally classically idealised individual who incorporates the elements of life into a harmonious whole

40
Q

What is Polykleitos famous for creating artistically

A

A new cannon of proportions for depicting the human body

41
Q

Which statues are roman copies of Greek originals

A

Myron’s Diskobolos
Polykleitos’ Diadoumenos
Polykleitos’ Doryphoros

42
Q

What issue still persists in the 5th century classical period ?

A

HAIR

43
Q

How does Piny describe Polykleitos’ Doryphoros.

A

‘Virile looking boy’

44
Q

Describe the movement in Polykleitos’ Doryphoros ?

A

Sauntering relaxed stroll - compared to frozen moment technique ( Artemision Zeus )

45
Q

Which 2 statues face the problem of a poor all round view?

A

Myron’s diskobolos

Artemision Zeus

46
Q

What do both of Polykleitos’ statue copies have which is annoying ?

A

Supports !

47
Q

What is significant about the pose of the Doryphoros

A

Not frozen moment technique but sauntering, relaxed style !

48
Q

What is the function of the diadoumenos ?

A

Celebrate Athletic victory

49
Q

How does the Diadoumenos convey a sense of serenity ? (3)

A

Sophrosyne expression
Soft and fluid action conveys elegance as he winds fillet around his head
Polykleitos used a system of theoretical rods to eliminate strong lines (vertical and horizontal)from the composition

Classics Art And Architecture A level (10 decks)

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