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Frazes Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

keeping lines from getting tangled

A

The biggest concern when using the engine (besides polluting the environment) is keeping lines from getting tangled in the propeller.

tangled [ˈtæŋgld] a sunarpliotas, supainiotas; susivėlęs; pinklus; raizgus;

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2
Q

casting off

Casting off means untying and getting under way from a dock or mooring, it’s the same as leaving the shore

A

cast /käst/

Before casting off a dock or mooring, plan your best escape route. Plan out a course so you can sail away on a reach (which gets you up to speed quickly).

cast off

a) numesti, pamesti; atsikratyti;
b) jūr. atsišvartuoti, atrišti laivą (nuo prieplaukos įtaiso);
c) nuleisti, mažinti (akis, baigiant megzti);

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3
Q

getting under way - start, take off (to go or leave)q

A

getting under way from a dock or mooring

English Synonyms: commence ; set in ; start ; begin ; get under way ; take off ; be off ; break into ; open

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4
Q

dangling off

A

Make sure that no loose lines are dangling off the side of the boat.

dangle [ˈdæŋgl] v - tabaluoti, kyburiuoti, kaboti, karoti; pakabinti;

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5
Q

off the side of boat

A

Off - nuo (žymint nuotolį, at(si)skyrimą, atitolinimą);

off the side of the boat - prie (netoli nuo) laivo šono

a mile off the road mylia nuo kelio;

off the coast netoli nuo kranto;

to fall off the ladder nukristi nuo kopėčių;

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6
Q

let go of the mooring line on the winward side

A

And always let go of the mooring line on the windward side so that you don’t run over it as the boat sideslips while building speed.

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6
Q

Let go off

A

let go of - release, as from one’s grip; “Let go of the door handle, please!”; “relinquish your grip on the rope–you won’t fall”

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8
Q

Mooring line

A

the line attached to a permanently anchored buoy

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9
Q

let go of the stern anchor line

A

If so, first let go of the stern anchor line (which usually has
weights attached), and make sure it sinks out of the way before proceeding.

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10
Q

Horn cleat

A

n nautical contexts, a cleat is a device for securing a rope.[2]

Types of cleat designs include the following:

A horn cleat is the traditional design, featuring two “horns” extending parallel to the deck or the axis of the spar, attached to a flat surface or a spar, and resembling an anvil.

A line tied to a horn cleat [1] on a dock. The line comes from a boat off the top of the picture, around the right horn, around the left horn, across the cleat from top left to bottom right, around the right horn, and then hitches around the left horn. Note that this line is tied improperly; the line from the boat should initially run to the far (left) side of the horn cleat rather than close (right) side.

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11
Q

Hitch

A

hitch [hɪtʃ]

jūr. mazgas, kilpa

2 prikabinti, už(si)kabinti (on, to), about

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12
Q

cam cleat

A

…

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13
Q

jam cleat

A

….

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14
Q

clam cleat

A

…

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15
Q

mooring

A

A mooring refers to any permanent structure to which a vessel may be secured. Examples include quays, wharfs, jetties, piers, anchor buoys, and mooring buoys. A ship is secured to a mooring to forestall free movement of the ship on the water. An anchor mooring fixes a vessel’s position relative to a point on the bottom of a waterway without connecting the vessel to shore. As a verb, mooring refers to the act of attaching a vessel to a mooring.[1]

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16
Q

plenty of chain veered

A

veer - 1) keisti kryptį, nukrypti, pasisukti 2) atleisti (lyną, virvę, inkarą ir pan.)

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17
Q

Getting under way and getting back safely

A

Getting under way and getting back safely can be the trickiest part of your day on the water. Try to have an instructor or, at least, a knowledgeable friend
along on your first few sails to help you get under way and back safely

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18
Q

the rudder doesn’t provide much maneuverability while you’re at slow speeds

A

the rudder doesn’t provide much maneuverability while you’re at slow speeds and getting the boat going.

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19
Q

We strongly encourage you to get some lessons before sailing

A

We strongly encourage you to get some lessons before sailing

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20
Q

putting up the mast (to step up)

A

To get the mast from horizontal to vertical. Some boats are stored with the mast up. Other boats (usually dinghies) require the crew to step, or put up, the mast before every sail.

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21
Q

The key to docking or mooring is slowing down at a controlled rate before you get there.

A

The key to docking or mooring is slowing down at a controlled rate before you get there. You slow down by luffing the sails (see Chapter 5) and letting
the boat glide to a stop. The trick is knowing when to start luffing so that you keep enough steerageway to reach the dock without having so much speed that the phrase “ramming speed” becomes applicable.

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22
Q

err on the side of something

When in doubt, err on the slow side.

A

to choose an action that may be too extreme If we’re not sure what’s needed, let’s err on the side of being too prepared.
Usage notes: usually used in the form err on the side of caution: I decided to err on the side of caution and spend less than my full allowance.

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23
Q

Getting in irons is a big problem when you’re in a confined area.

A

If you slow down so much that the boat is pointed
in the dreaded no-sail zone, you’re out of luck and in irons, as we describe in Chapter 5. Getting in irons is a big problem when you’re in a confined area. So please don’t go too slow or too fast!

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24
Q

A wise sailor on a new boat always does some practice
runs out in the open

Practice run (pl. practice runs) - A trial, or practice before the real thing.

A

A wise sailor on a new boat always does some practice
runs out in the open, next to a buoy or some other floating object, to help judge how the boat maneuvers as it decelerates.

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25
Q

you can motor away and put the sails up after you’re in open water

A

If your boat has an engine (an iron headsail in sailor slang), you can motor away and put the sails up after you’re in open water.

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26
Q

to sail away

A

knowing how to sail away from a dock or mooring (and back again) under sail is a good idea in case your
engine decides not to cooperate some day.

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27
Q

don’t left your fenders (rubber cushions) dangling over the side

A

Rodney Dangerfield left his fenders (rubber cushions) dangling over the side while motoring around on his big powerboat. So if you want respect, untie your fenders and dock lines and store them below as soon as you have left the dock.

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28
Q

The biggest concern when using the engine

is keeping lines from getting tangled in the propeller.

A

The biggest concern when using the engine (besides polluting the environment) is keeping lines from getting tangled in the propeller.

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29
Q

Make sure that no loose lines are dangling off the side of the boat.

A

Make sure that no loose lines are dangling off the side of the boat.

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30
Q

And always let go of (release) the mooring line on the windward side so that you don’t run over it as the boat sideslips while building speed.

A

And always let go of the mooring line (the
line permanently attached to a mooring buoy) on the windward side so that you don’t run over it as the boat sideslips while building speed.

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31
Q

Leaving a mooring is usually easier than leaving a dock, because the boat is already in relatively open water, but getting the boat turned to an angle out of the no-sail zone is trickier.

A

Leaving a mooring is usually easier than leaving a dock, because the boat is already in relatively open water, but getting the boat turned to an angle out of the no-sail zone is trickier.

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32
Q

Plan out a course so you can sail away on a reach

A

Plan out a course so you can sail away on a reach (which gets you up to
speed quickly). Make sure the whole crew knows the plan.

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33
Q

Keep one full wrap of the line around the base of the horn cleat on the bow so you can hold on yet be ready to cast off quickly.

A

Keep one full wrap of the line around the base of the horn cleat on the bow (if available) so you can hold on yet be ready to cast off quickly.

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34
Q

Trim the jib on the side opposite the direction that you intend to sail so that the jib backwinds and pushes the bow away from the no-sail zone

A

Trim the jib on the side opposite the direction that you intend to sail so that the jib backwinds (fills with wind backward) and pushes the bow away from the no-sail zone - getting your boat out of irons

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35
Q

Walk the mooring line back along the windward side to shoot the boat forward

A

Have the crew holding the mooring line walk with it toward the stern —on the windward side, so that the line doesn’t get caught under the boat. As your crew moves back, your boat is pulled forward, especially on a
smaller boat, helping you gain speed and control.

Walk - vesti, vedžioti

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36
Q

The crew lets go of the mooring and trims in the sails

A

release the backed jib and trim it on the correct side. As the boat begins to gain speed, trim the luffing main and sail away on your desired
course.

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37
Q

to heave

A

1 [transitive, intransitive] to lift, pull or throw somebody/something very heavy with one great effort
heave something/somebody/yourself + adverb/preposition
I managed to heave the trunk down the stairs.
They heaved the body overboard.

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38
Q

give it a good heave away from the boat

A

On bigger boats, if holding the line is too difficult after it is uncleated, just give it a good heave away from the boat.

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39
Q

to shoot the boat forward

A

Walk the mooring line back along windward side to shoot the boat forward, so that the line doesn’t get caught under the boat.

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40
Q

the line doesn’t get caught under the boat

A

Walk the mooring line back along windward side to shoot the boat forward, so that the line doesn’t get caught under the boat.

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41
Q

heave

A

Heave: To haul or pull on a line; to throw a heaving line.
Heave around: To revolve the drum of a capstan, winch or windlass. (Pulling with mechanical deck heaving gear).
Heave away: An order to haul away or to heave around a capstan (pull).
Heave in: To haul in.
Heave short: To heave in until the vessel is riding nearly over her anchor.
Heave taut: To haul in until the line has a strain upon it.
Heave the lead: The operation of taking a sounding with the hand lead (to find bottom).
Heave to: To bring vessel on a course on which she rides easily and hold her there by the use of the ship’s engines (holding a position).
Heaving line: A small line thrown to an approaching vessel, or a dock as a messenger.

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42
Q

He must have been an observant guy

A

He must have been an observant guy (or bored stiff on long sea voyages), and sailors benefit from his perceptions still today.

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43
Q

Should this occur, it is imperative to shut off the engine immediately to prevent

A

Should this occur, it is imperative to shut off the engine immediately to prevent overheating and/or damage to the transmission.

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44
Q

To keep the angle of pull more horizontal

A

Increasing the scope keeps the angle of pull more horizontal, helping dig of the anchors flukes into the bottom

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45
Q

To be pulled in a more horizontal direction

A

Increasing the scope allows the anchor to be pulled in a more horizontal direction, which greatly increases its holding power.

46
Q

Primary forces that shape weather are …

A

Primary forces that shape weather are temperature differences and air-pressure differences.

47
Q

pick a route that is easy to sail and take you away from ….

A 
pick a route that is easy to sail and take you away from docks, shoals and other boats 
shoal [ʃəul] 
1 sekluma 
2 banka, rėva 
3 (ppr. pl) nematomas pavojus; kliūtys 
Ä a seklus, negilus
48
Q

notice the wind’s direction and force

A

notice wind’s direction and force, and if it’s steady or shifting

49
Q

to fell off the wind

A

once you have fallen at least 45 degrees off the wind, you can begin sailing

50
Q

to get the boat going

A

to get the boat going, turn the rudder to point her away from the mooring, haul in the jibsheet on the leeward side

51
Q

to pinch

A

do not try to pinch her (sail to close to the wind) or trim the sails all the way in

52
Q

at a dock

A

to moor (a vessel) at a dock or (of a vessel) to be moored at a dock. Dock - A platform extending from a shore over water, used to secure, protect, and provide access to a boat or ship; a pier.

53
Q

strong wind leads to downed trees

A

Wind gusts can lead to downed trees and power outages.

54
Q

storm will weaken as it pushes farther east

A

push - šiuo atveju - veržtis

55
Q

strong wind gusts in excess of 40 mph will be possible across Denmark,

A

in excess of daugiau kaip
excess - n [ɪkˈses]
1 perteklius, perviršis;

56
Q

This second storm will usher the threat for powerful winds to areas from Ireland, the United Kingdom and northern France eastward across southern Scandinavia

A

usher - [ˈʌʃə]

Ä v 1 įvesti, nuvesti, nulydėti, pasodinti į vietą (in, to)

57
Q

cosy

A 
cosy [ˈkəuzɪ] 
Ä a 
1 jaukus; patogus; 
cosy atmosphere jauki atmosfera 
2 draugiškas, malonus; 
cosy chat draugiškas pasišnekėjimas
58
Q

kind of sailing

A

what kind of sailing you will be doing? What location?

59
Q

to go boating

A

Read the top ten reasons to go boating at DiscoverBoating.com

60
Q

bucket

A

A bucket or pail is typically a watertight, vertical cylinder or truncated cone, with an open top and a flat bottom, attached to a semicircular carrying handle called the bail. A common volume is 10 liters (dm³).

61
Q

wood plugs

A

wood plugs for plugging broken fittings

62
Q

PFD

A

PFD must be designed to perform well enough to keep your head out of the water,

63
Q

buoyancy

A

buoyancy [ˈbɔɪənsɪ] n
1 plūdrumas; laikymasis vandens paviršiuje
2 gyvumas, žvalumas; nenusiminimas

Type I PFDs (off-shore lifejackets) have the highest buoyancy of the inherently buoyant Types, but they are not considered comfortable enough to be worn continuously.

The reliability of inflatable PFDs is less than that of inherently buoyant PFDs

64
Q

boobing

A

This means that someone has fallen off the vessel and (hopefully) is bobbing in the water as the vessel sails away.

65
Q

the possibility of lines and/or the MOB being caught in the propeller

A

Some recovery methods recommend not using power because of the possibility of lines and/or the MOB being caught in the propeller.

66
Q

lines over the side (overboard)

Ensure no lines are overboard

A

Ensure no lines are over the side before starting the engine.

67
Q

to gain steerageway

A

to gain steerageway (enough speed to respond to the rudder)

68
Q

tether

A

tether [ˈteðə]
Ä n
1 saitas, virvė, grandinė (ypač gyvuliui pririšti ganykloje)
2 prk. riba
² to reach, ar to come to, the end of one’s tether išsekti; išsisemti; @ prieiti liepto galą

Ä v
1 pririšti (gyvulį ganykloje, prie tvoros ir pan.)
2 prk. apriboti, (su)varžyti

69
Q

harness

A 
harness [ˈhɑ:nɪs] 
Ä n 
1 pakinktai 
2 reikmenys; įrenginiai; 
safety harness saugos diržų komplektas
70
Q

to appoint a spotter

A

the spotter is to maintain constant visual contact of the COB.
A spotter is needed to call out the approach.

71
Q

steerage and steerage way

A

steerage [ˈstɪərɪdʒ] n jūr.
1 (laivo) vairavimas; vairinis valdymas

Steerage and steerage way[edit]
The rudder of a vessel can steer the ship only when water is passing over it. Hence, when a ship is not moving relative to the water it is in or cannot move its rudder, it does not respond to the helm and is said to have “lost steerage.” (prarado valdymą) The motion of a ship through the water is known as “making way.” When a vessel is moving fast enough through the water that it turns in response to the helm, it is said to have “steerage way.”[1] That is why boats on rivers must always be under propulsion, even when traveling downstream.

72
Q

helm’s alee - sako vairininkas prieš pat venduojant

A

put the helm alee

a*lee”\ (&?;), adv. [pref. a- + lee.] (naut.) on or toward the lee, or the side away from the wind; the opposite of aweather. the helm of a ship is alee when pressed close to the lee side.

73
Q

medivac

A

Noun: medivac /ˈmɛdɪvak/

1. The evacuation of persons (usually by air transportation) to a place where they can receive medical care

74
Q

off the wind

A

off the wind - Sailing with the wind coming from the stern or quarter of the boat.

75
Q

fall off the wind

A boat falls off the wind when it points its bow further from the eye of the wind. The opposite of heading up

A

Also bear away or bear off.

76
Q

reaching

A

Reaching - Sailing across the wind: from about 60° to about 160° off the wind. Reaching consists of “close reaching” (about 60° to 80°), “beam reaching” (about 90°) and “broad reaching” (about 120° to 160°).&raquo_space;>

77
Q

leeward

A

in nautical use,ˈluːəd or luːərd

http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/leeward_1

78
Q

to cushion
Assign one person to the line and another to the single fender–called a “roving fender”. Use the roving fender to cushion any point where the boat makes contact.

A 
cushion [ˈkuʃn]  sušvelninti (pralaimėjimą ir pan.); 
to cushion a shock sušvelninti smūgį 
3 ap(si)saugoti; the rich are cushioned against the effects of the recession turtingieji yra apsaugoti nuo nuosmukio padarinių
79
Q

casualty

to sustain/suffer heavy casualties

A

casualty [ˈkæʒuəltɪ] n
1 (nelaimingo atsitikimo ir pan.) auka, nukentėjėlis
2 traumatologijos skyrius/palata (t. p. casualty department/ward)
3 kar. sužeistasis, žuvusysis; pl gyvosios jėgos nuostoliai (per karą);
turėti didelių nuostolių;
casualty list žuvusių, sužeistų ir dingusių be žinios sąrašas;
casualty rate žuvusių ir sužeistų skaičius

80
Q

haven

A

haven [ˈheɪvn] n
1 prieglobstis, prieglauda;
2 ret. uostas

81
Q

wispy clouds

A

The wispy clouds are made up of ice crystals and are known as cirrus (commonly called mares’ tails). The speed at which the cirrus arrives indicates the speed of movement of the low.

82
Q

Backing winds and mares’ tales make tall ships carry low sails

A

old saying

83
Q

finesse

Know yourself and your crew. Requires honesty, tact and finesse

A

finesse [fɪˈnes] pr.
Ä n subtilumas, rafinuotumas; taktiškumas
Ä v subtiliai/taktiškai veikti; meistriškai atlikti

84
Q

ignite

It can be surprisingly hard to ignite some hand held flares as they require quite a sharp blow to the base to work

A 
ignite [ɪgˈnaɪt] v 
1 už(si)degti 
2 įkaisti/įkaitinti iki švytėjimo 
3 sukelti (pyktį ir pan.) 
It can be surprisingly hard to ignite some hand held flares as they require quite a sharp blow to the base to work, this can be achieved by banging them on the deck of the vessel if you are not strong enough to do it by hand.
85
Q

lateral

A

lateral [ˈlætərəl]
1 lateralinis, šoninis (ir fon.); šalinis; horizontalus
2 šalutinis, pašalinis

86
Q

beacon [ˈbi:kən]

to shine like a beacon

A

beacon [ˈbi:kən]
Ä n
1 švyturys (t. p. prk.); bakenas, plūduras;
prk. šviesti kaip švyturiui
2 signalinis žiburys, švyturio žibintas (t. p. beacon fire/light)
3 radijo švyturys
4 ženklas „perėjimas“ (mirkčiojantis

87
Q

indebted

I am indebted to my wife (for)

A

indebted [ɪnˈdetɪd] a
1 skolingas, įsiskolinęs
2 predic dėkingas;
aš dėkingas žmonai (už)

88
Q

ledge

A

ledge [ledʒ] n
1 atbraila, iškyša; kraštas, briauna
2 rifas, sekluma

89
Q

reckon
the region is reckoned uninhabitable
I reckon him among my friends
I reckon (that) we should leave now

A 
reckon [ˈrekən] v 
1 laikyti (kuo); manyti (esant); 
 manoma, kad tas rajonas negyvenamas; 
aš priskiriu jį prie savo draugų 
2 šnek. manyti; 
 manau, kad mums dabar reikia išeiti
90
Q

stranded

Wrecks are classified as stranded or sunken.

A

stranded [ˈstrændɪd] a
1 užplaukęs ant seklumos
2 išmestas į krantą
3 prk. esantis/atsidūręs sunkioje būklėje, be išteklių; įstrigęs (kur)
A stranded wreck is one that has any portion of the hull or superstructure above the level of the low-water (sounding) datum.

91
Q

stem

A

A main vertical stroke is called a stem. The letter m has three, the left, middle, and right stems.

92
Q

designation

A

designation [ˌdezɪgˈneɪʃn] n
1 (pa)žymėjimas; įvardijimas, pavadinimas; nurodymas
2 (pa)skyrimas (pareigoms)

93
Q

cylindrical

A

cylindrical [sɪˈlɪndrɪkl] a cilindro, cilindrinis

94
Q

whereby

he devised a plan whereby he might escape

A

whereby [wɜəˈbaɪ] adv rel knyg. kuriuo; pagal kurį;

jis sugalvojo planą, pagal kurį manė galėsiąs pabėgti

95
Q

stamina

A

stamina [ˈstæmɪnə] n ištvermė, ištvermingumas

96
Q

cutting edge

A

State of the art, the highest level of development, as of a device, technique, or scientific field

97
Q

slam
the wind quickly forces the mainsail and boom to slam across to the other side at high velocity (violently) unless you control it

A

slam [slæm]
1 stiprus smūgis
2 (durų) (už)trenkimas, trankymas
3 šnek. smarki/griežta kritika

98
Q

lookup

one of the crew’s most important jobs on a boat is to serve as a lookout

A

one of the crew’s most important jobs on a boat is to serve as a lookout since the helmsman often has difficulty seeing all the way around the boat.

99
Q

sliding

to prevent a line from sliding through a fitting

A

The figure-eight stopper knot is an easy and quick to tie knot used to prevent a line from sliding through a fitting.

100
Q

directly into the wind

Sailboats have one major limitation. They can’t sail directly into the wind.

A

The area directly into the wind that a sailboat cannot sail is called the no-go zone. The 14.2′ Catalina Capris that you will sail in this class have a no-go zone about 45° on either side of the wind. Some boats have a wider no-go zone, and some have a slightly smaller no-go zone.

101
Q

direction of the wind

In sailing, the wind is always labeled by the direction it comes from.

A

For example, we call a wind blowing from west to east a west wind. A wind blowing from south to north, is called a south wind.

102
Q

upwind sailing or tacking upwind

A

To sail upwind, simply tack back and forth until you’ve reached your target. This is called upwind sailing or tacking upwind.

103
Q

tackle

ground tackle - inkaravimosi reikmenys

A

tackle [ˈtækl]
1 reikmenys, rykai; įrengimai;
fishing tackle žvejybos reikmenys
2 jūr. takelažas; laivavirvės; talė

104
Q

to slip

A

you can slip at a moments notice

it’s a bad idea to lie to slip ripe overnight (arrangement is prone to chafe)

105
Q

Berth is alongside

A

Where the berth is alongside, approach from down-tide

106
Q

Fenders must be hitched on …

A

Fenders must be hitched on in good time and slung over the rail before you arrive

107
Q

Fidget

A

fidget [ˈfɪdʒɪt]
↪ v
1 nenustygti, neturėti kantrybės, nerim(au)ti; sukinėti(s) (t. p. fidget about);
stop fidgeting! raminkitės!, apsiramink!
2 jaudinti, kelti nerimą;
what’s fidgeting you? kas jums kelia nerimą?, ko tu nerimauji?
3 sukioti, žaisti (with);
she never stopped fidgeting with her pencil ji be paliovos sukiojo pieštuką

108
Q

To make the bight of lines

A

bight [baɪt] n
1 įlanka
2 (upės) vingis, užtakis
3 jūr. (virvės, troso) kilpa; buchta

It pays to make fast the bight of bow and stern line on board

109
Q

Take care always to retain steerage way

A

Come in as slowly as you can, ideally at an angle of about 30, taking care always to retain the steerage way.

110
Q

Ensign

A

ensign [ˈensaɪn], jūr. [ˈensn] n

1 (laivo) vėliava;

111
Q

Lozenge

A

lozenge [ˈlɔzɪndʒ] n
1 geom. rombas
Many marks on the chart have a lozenge-shaped magenta ‘flash’ attached to them

English Marine (4 decks)

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