Fraud Flashcards

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1
Q

Under s1 Fraud Act 2006 what are the four ways that Fraud can be committed

A

s2 - False representation

s3 - Failing to disclose information

s4 - Abuse of position

s11 - Obtaining services dishonestly

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2
Q

Actus reus of false representation

A

D makes a representation which is false.

It is untrue or misleading

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3
Q

Two cases of verbal false representation

A

Barnard [1837]

Expressly untrue fact

Idrees [2011]

Impersonation

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4
Q

Three cases of conduct

A

DPP v Ray [1973]

Is silence implied deception - decided not to pay for meal

Rai [2000]

Collected grant from Council on behalf of dead mother

Harris [1975]

Implied conduct - pay hotel

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5
Q

The mens rea for false representation

A

D dishonestly makes false representation

D intends to gain for himself

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6
Q

Cases to determine dishonesty

A

Ghosh [1982]

Hayes [2015]

Ordinary standards or reasonable and honest person

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7
Q

Following the reform of the Theft At 1968 which acts still remain

A

s15 Theft Act 1968

Obtaining property by deception

s16 Theft Act 1968

Obtaining a pecuniary advantage by deception

Both require causation

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8
Q

What was the ruling in Preddy [1996]

A

Highlighted problem with the law as it didn’t cover money transfers obtained by deception

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9
Q

What case clears up s3 Fraud Act 2006

A

Firth [1989]

Would omission suffice or is a conviction dependant on an act

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10
Q

What case clears up s11 Fraud Act 2006

A

DPP v Ray [1973]

Can silence be a deception

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11
Q

The difficulties with the Fraud Act 2006

A

Jurors struggle to understand elements of offences

Risk of unfair trials

The actus reus of s1 is too wide

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