FRAMEWORK OF THORAX

Question 1

What consists the Thorax region?

Answer 1

1. Thoracic cavity
2. Primary organs of cardio-respiratory system
3. Thoracic wall

Question 2

3 Compartments of Thoracic cavity:

Answer 2

1. Central mediastinum
2. Right & Left pulmonary cavity

Question 3

What occupies the central mediastinum?

Answer 3

Heart & Great Vessels

Question 4

What occupies the right and left cavities?

Answer 4

Lungs

Question 5

It support the thorax, provides attachment to the muscles of thorax, upper extremities, back and diaphragm

Answer 5

Thoracic wall

Question 6

It is kidney shaped with transverse diameter is greater than the anteroposterior diameter, the ribs is place obliquely

Answer 6

ADULT THORAX

Question 7

What are the framework of thorax?

Answer 7

Sternum, 12 Thoracic vertebrae, 12 pair of ribs, and their costal cartilages

Question 8

Circular in shape w/ transverse diameter equal to anteroposterior diameter, the ribs placed horizontally

Answer 8

Infant Thorax

Question 9

Coverings of the Thorax

Answer 9

• Skin
• Superficial fascia
• Deep fascia
• Extrinsic muscles (upperlimb ms, abdomen ms, back ms)

Question 10

Muscle of the Thorax?

Answer 10

1. Serratus Posterior Posterior
2. Serratus Posterior Inferior
3. Levator Costarum
4. Intercostal Muscles
   
   • External Intercostal Muscle
   • Internal Intercostal Muscle
   • Transverse Thoracic Muscles
     > Innermost Intercostal
     > Subcostalis
     > Sternocostalis

Question 11

Origin and Insertion of Serratus Posterior Superior?

Answer 11

O: Nuchal ligament, C7 - T3 spinous process
I: Superior border of 2nd - 4th ribs

Question 12

Innervation & Action of Serratus Posterior Superior

Answer 12

N: 2nd-5th intercostal nerve
A: Elevate ribs

Question 13

Origin and Insertion of Serratus Posterior Inferior

Answer 13

O: T11 - L2 spinous process
I: Inferior border of 8th - 12th ribs

Question 14

Innervation and Action of Serratus Posterior Inferior

Answer 14

N: Anterior rami to T9-T12 thoracic spinal nerve
A: Depress ribs

Question 15

Origin and Insertion of Levator Costarum

Answer 15

O: C7-T11 transverse process
I: subjacent ribs between tubercle & angles

Question 16

Innervation and action of Levator Costarum

Answer 16

N: Posterior rami to C8-T11 nerves
A: Elevate ribs

Question 17

Origin and Insertion of External Intercostal

Answer 17

O: Lower border of ribs
I: Upper border of rib below (outer lip)

Question 18

Origin and Insertion of Internal Intercostal

Answer 18

O: Lower border ribs
I: Upper border of rib below (inner lip)

Question 18

Innervation and action of External Intercostal

Answer 18

N: Intercostal nerve in same space
A: Elevates ribs during inspiration

Question 19

Innervation and action of Internal Intercostal

Answer 19

N: Intercostal nerve of same space
A: Depress rib (costal part); elevate ribs (interchondral part) during expiration

Question 20

Origin and Insertion of Innermost Intercostal

Answer 20

O: Inner surface of rib above
I: Inner surface of rib below

Question 21

Innervation and action of Innermost Intercostal

Answer 21

N: Intercostal nerve of same space
A: Elevate rib ( interchondral part) ; depress ribs (costal part) during expiration

Question 22

Origin and Insertion of Subcostalis

Answer 22

O: Inner surface of lower rib near angle
I: Upper border of 2nd or 3rd rib below

Question 23

Innervation and action of Subcostalis

Answer 23

N: Intercostal nerve of same space
A: Elevates & depress ribs

Question 24

Origin and Insertion of Sternocostalis

Answer 24

O: lower 1/3 posterior surface of sternum body; posterior surface of xiphoid process ; posterior surface of costal cartilage I: 2nd - 6th ribs costal cartilages

Question 25

Innervation and action of Sternocostalis

Answer 25

N: intercostal nerve A: Draw 2nd to 6th ribs downward

Question 26

Space between 2 adjacent ribs

Answer 26

Intercostal space

Question 27

3rd - 6th space are called?

Answer 27

Typical Intercostal space

Question 28

Contents of Typical Intercostal Space?

Answer 28

1. 3 intercostal muscles 2. The neurovascular bundle - Intercostal vein - Intercostal artery - Intercostal nerve 3. Intercostal lymph vessels and nodes

Question 29

Lies between internal and innermost intercostal muscles

Answer 29

Neurovascular bundle

Question 30

Intercostal Nerves divided into:

Answer 30

Anterior and Posterior rami

Question 31

Anterior primary rami is from _________ and it is called as _______

Answer 31

T1-T11 ; intercostal nerve

Question 32

Posterior primary rami is from ______ and called as _____

Answer 32

T12 ; subcostal nerve - it runs in the abdominal wall

Question 33

Internal intercostal is split by ________ dividing into Internal Intercostal proper and Innermost intercostal

Answer 33

Intercostal nerve and vessels

Question 34

Direction of Fibers of external intercostal ms

Answer 34

Downward, forward, medially

Question 35

Direction of fibers of Internal Intercostal ms

Answer 35

Downward, backward , laterally

Question 36

Can be seen coursing vertically downward lateral to the sternum at each side, and ends at 6th intercostal space

Answer 36

Intercostal Mammary Artery

Question 37

Branches of Intercostal Mammary A

Answer 37

Perforating and anterior intercostals

Question 38

Terminal Branch of Intercostal Mammary A

Answer 38

Superior Epigastric and Musculophrenic arteries

Question 39

A fibrous fascia holding the pleural reflection into its convex upper surface

Answer 39

phrenico-pleural fascia

Question 40

It begins at the level of 3rd costal cartilage; ascends at the inlet of thorax and ends by emptying into the innominate vein

Answer 40

Intercostal mammary vein