Framework of Larynx Flashcards

1
Q

Phonation

A

Vibration of the vocal folds which produces speech voicing

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2
Q

What is the energy source for phonation?

A

Respiration

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3
Q

Vocal folds (cords)

A

Paired band of tissue housed within the larynx. Vibrating component used to produce sound.

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4
Q

Adduction

A

Process of bringing cords together for phonation

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5
Q

Abduction

A

Drawing vocal cords apart to terminate phonation

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6
Q

Bernoulli Principle

A

Given a constant volume of flow of air or fluid, at a a point of constriction there will be a decrease in air pressure and increase in the velocity of flow- hose example

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7
Q

Cricoid cartilage

A

Sits on top of the trachea. Contains arch and posterior quadrate lamina.
Arch- Low narrow portion in front that provides clearance for vocal folds
Posterior quadrate lamina- the wide thick portion in back that provides point of articulation for arytenoid cartilages

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8
Q

Thyroid cartilage

A

Articulates inferiorly with cricoid cartilage- is the largest laryngeal cartilage

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9
Q

Thyroid laminae

A

2 plates of cartilage that make up the anterior surface of thyroid cartilage

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10
Q

Inferior and superior cornua of thyroid cartilage

A

Horns located on the posterior aspect of thyroid cartilage

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11
Q

Thyroid angle of thyroid cartilage

A

Where thyroid laminae join

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12
Q

Thyroid notch

A

Superior most point of thyroid angle

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13
Q

Oblique line

A

Lateral superficial aspect of thyroid laminae

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14
Q

Inferior cornua of thyroid cartilage

A

Project downward to articulate with cricoid cartilage

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15
Q

Superior cornua of thyroid cartilage

A

Projects upward to articulate with hyoid bone

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16
Q

Arytenoid cartilages

A

Paired cartilage that articulates with the lamina of the cricoid cartilage. Forms posterior point of attachment for vocal folds- allowing for onset and offset of voicing. Pyramidal in shape

17
Q

Apex of arytenoid cartilage

A

Superior portion of arytenoid

18
Q

Base of arytenoid cartilage

A

Inferior that articulates with cricoid

19
Q

Vocal process of arytenoid cartilage

A

Projects toward thyroid notch for vocal fold attachment

20
Q

Muscular process of arytenoid cartilage

A

Lateral portion of arytenoid

Attachment for muscles that adduct and abduct vocal folds

21
Q

Corniculate cartilages

A

Paired cartilage that rides on the superior (apex) surface of each arytenoid

22
Q

Epiglottis

A

Unpaired leaf shaped cartilage. Arises from inner surface of angle of thyroid cartilage just below notch.

23
Q

How does the epiglottis attach?

A

Via thyroepiglottic ligament to thyroid, and joins arytenoid cartilage via aryeppiglottic folds.

24
Q

How does the epiglottis work?

A

Folds over to protect the airway during swallowing- food passes over epiglottis and into the esophagaus
pizza example

25
Q

Pharyngeal recesses

A

Valleculae and pyriform sinuses

26
Q

Valleculae

A

Pair of small indentations between root of tongue and epiglottis. Important landmark in determining swallowing deficits

27
Q

Pyriform sinuses

A

Small fossae (indentations) between aryepiglottic folds medially and mucous lining of the thyroid cartilage.

28
Q

Valleculae and swallowing- what happens?

A

During a normal swallow, larynx elevates while epiglotts folds down to protect food and liquid from entering the airway. When compromised, larynx may not elevate and food and liquid accumulates in “little valleys” or valleculae

29
Q

Cuniform cartilages

A

Small paired cartilage embedded in aryepiglottic folds. Causes small bulge on membrane surface. Also provides support for membranous laryngeal covering.

30
Q

Hyoid bone

A

Unpaired bone. Only bone unattached to other bone- it is suspended by musculature. Articulates with superior cornu of thyroid cartilage.

31
Q

Corpus of Hyoid bone

A

Point of attachment for 6 muscles

32
Q

Greater cornu of hyoid bone

A

Lateral surface of corpus that projects posteriorly

33
Q

Lesser cornu of Hyoid bone

A

Junction of corpus and greater cornu

34
Q

Laryngectomy

A

Surgical removal of the larynx. Oral cavity is sealed off from the trachea and lower respiratory passageways. Inability to produce sounds and tracheastomas are put in to allow for breathing.

35
Q

What are the biological functions of the larynx?

A

Primarily protects the airway from foreign objects
Also–
Hold breath, heavy lifting, phonation, childbirth