frailty

Question 1

frailty

Answer 1

-clinical syndrome when 3+ phenotypic components are present:
-weakness
-slowed walking sped
-low physical activity
-low energy or exhaustion
-weight loss

-weight loss
-exhaustion
-activity (low)
-kinetic slowdown (slow)
-strength loss (grip)

-develops along continuum of severity:
-latent phase- not apparent in absence of stressors
-early stages of weakness
-slowed gait
-low physical activity that may be most responsive to intervention
-end-stage with high risk of short-term mortality
-Adverse clinical outcomes: falls, fractures, hospitalization, worsened outcomes from chemotherapy or surgery, hemodialysis, disability and dependency, and mortality

-frailty is the mid point between independence and death

Question 2

Answer 2

-exhaustion - how many times in a week
-slowed walking - dependent on height
-weakness- grip strength dependent on BMI

Question 3

prevention of frailty

Answer 3

Nutritional recommendations:
Regular aerobic exercise (eg, walking, swimming, running)
Weight training – increases muscle mass
Diet -> resistant or strength training with weights!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Low fat diet
Reduced sodium diet
High calcium diet
Adequate vitamins and minerals
High fiber diet
Moderating alcohol intake

Exercise
A comprehensive exercise program should include
Strength training – weight training
Aerobic activity- Walking, swimming, cycling
Flexibility and balance training
Variation

Question 4

failure to thrive

Answer 4

A syndrome of:
Weight loss
Decreased appetite
Poor nutrition
Inactivity
Accompanied by dehydration, depressive symptoms, impaired immune function, and low cholesterol

-weak appetite nutrition in peril
-weight loss
-appetite
-poor nutrition
-inactivity
-psych (depression, dehydration, immune, low cholesterol)

Many of these features of FTT are actually defined as features of frailty, including weight loss, malnutrition, and inactivity
-Syndrome of global decline that occurs in older adults as a worsening of physical frailty that is frequently compounded by cognitive impairment and/or functional disability.
-It is a point further along a point of decline that is closer to full dependence & death
-Frailty as a mid-point between independence and pre-death.

Question 5

4 syndromes are prevalent and predictive of adverse outcomes in pts with failure to thrive

Answer 5

Impaired physical function
Malnutrition
Depression
Cognitive impairment

Question 6

etiology

Answer 6

-Nonmalignant diseases
-Malignancy
-Psychiatric conditions
-Polypharmacy
-Social factors