Fractures/Dislocations Flashcards
how to classify fractures?
location, direction, alignment, open vs closed, and dislocation
location?
proximal, middle, distal third
transverse break
right angle to the axis of the bone
spiral
bone has twised appearance, also called torsion
obliue
fracture line bw horizontal and vertical direction
comminuted
splintered or crushed
segmental fracture
two plus fracture that isolate a segment of the bone
Imaging studies for fractures
plain films (AP and lateral)
radionucleotide bone scanning= increased uptake at the side of an occult fracture or stress fraction (think athletes and disuse osteopenia)
CT- dx of pelvic, facial, or intra-articular fracture
**MRI sudy of chioce to dx an occulte hip fracture
treatment of an open fracture
**any bleeding should be considered an open frx until proven otherwise
-debride and irrigate in OR w/in 4-8 hours of injur
what abx for open fracture?
1/2 cd gen cephlosporin and aminoglycosids (48 hrs after frx and 48 hrs after surgery)
tetanus status!!!
tx of intra-articular frx
frx line enters a joint cavity
-open tx may be indicated to restore and maintain articular congruity
femur frx
percutaneous screws or hemiarthroplasty,
femur shaft frx tx
intramedullary rods or plates
intertrochanteric frx tx?
sliding hip screw fixation or long gamma nail
complication of femur frx?
potential to hemorrhage