Fractures, brakes, and sprains

Question 1

What is a fracture in the context of the musculoskeletal system?

Answer 1

A fracture is when a bone in the body breaks.

Question 2

What are some common symptoms or sensations a person might experience when they have a fracture?

Answer 2

A person with a fracture may feel dizzy or chilly from shock. Explain the shock response associated with fractures.

Question 3

How is a fracture typically diagnosed, and why is an x-ray used?

Answer 3

A fracture is diagnosed through an x-ray to determine its type and severity. Explain the role of x-rays in fracture diagnosis.

Question 4

Can broken bones heal on their own, or is medical intervention usually required?

Answer 4

Broken bones can sometimes heal on their own, but medical intervention may be necessary. Describe the factors that determine whether medical intervention is needed.

Question 5

What is the purpose of a plaster or carbon fiber cast in treating a fracture?

Answer 5

Plaster or carbon fiber casts provide support and stability to the broken bone. Explain how these casts aid in the healing process.

Question 6

How is a cast created, and what is its composition?

Answer 6

A cast is made of bandages soaked in plaster, which then dries to form a tough shell. Describe the process of creating and applying a cast.

Question 7

What are the different types of fractures, and how do they differ from each other?

Answer 7

Complete, comminuted, open, spiral

Question 8

What is the difference between a comminuted fracture and a spiral fracture?

Answer 8

A comminuted fracture involves the bone being broken into more than two pieces or being crushed, while a spiral fracture occurs when the bone is twisted apart. Compare and contrast these two types of fractures.

Question 9

In a complete fracture, how is the bone typically affected?

Answer 9

In a complete fracture, the bone is broken into two pieces. Describe the nature of this type of fracture.

Question 10

Can you explain what an open fracture is and how it differs from other fractures?

Answer 10

An open fracture occurs when the bone comes out through the skin. Discuss the severity and potential complications associated with open fractures.

Question 11

how does a plaster or carbon fiber cast aid in the healing process of a fracture, and what is its role in ensuring proper bone alignment?

Answer 11

Plaster or carbon fiber casts provide stability and immobilization to the fractured bone, supporting its alignment and healing.

Question 12

What precautions should be taken when handling a patient with a suspected fracture before they receive medical care?

Answer 12

When handling a patient with a suspected fracture, precautions should be taken to immobilize the injured area, provide comfort, and minimize further injury.

Question 13

Can you elaborate on the process of how broken bones mend themselves naturally?

Answer 13

Broken bones mend through a biological process involving bone cells and tissue regeneration. The body’s natural healing mechanisms repair the fracture over time.

Question 14

What is arthritis, and what are its common symptoms?

Answer 14

Arthritis is a disease that causes pain and swelling in the joints. Common symptoms include joint pain and inflammation.

Question 15

Is there a specific type of arthritis that affects children, and what is it called?

Answer 15

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a type of arthritis that affects children. It is not contagious.

Question 16

How is JIA diagnosed, and what are the diagnostic methods used?

Answer 16

JIA is diagnosed through blood tests and x-rays, often performed by a rheumatologist.

Question 17

Does arthritis affect more adults or children, and is it contagious?

Answer 17

Arthritis affects more adults than children, and it is not contagious.

Question 18

Can Lyme disease cause arthritis, and how is it related to arthritis?

Answer 18

Yes, Lyme disease can sometimes cause arthritis. Explain the connection between Lyme disease and arthritis.

Question 19

What is the basic unit of a muscle cell, and how many muscle cells/fibers make up each muscle?

Answer 19

The basic unit of a muscle cell is called a muscle fiber. Each muscle is made up of thousands or even tens of thousands of muscle cells/fibers.

Question 20

How many muscles are there in the human body, and why is oxygen needed when muscles are working?

Answer 20

There are more than 600 muscles in the human body. Oxygen is needed when muscles are working because it is carried to muscles by the blood to support their activity.

Question 21

What happens to muscles when a person doesn’t exercise, and how are muscle contractions controlled?

Answer 21

Muscles can shrink when a person doesn’t exercise. Muscle contractions are controlled by impulses sent by the brain.

Question 22

How many muscles control the movements of the eyeballs, and what type of muscles are they?

Answer 22

There are six muscles that control the movements of the eyeballs. These are skeletal muscles.

Question 23

What are the three types of muscles mentioned, and can you describe their characteristics?

Answer 23

The three types of muscles are smooth muscles (involuntary, found in organs), cardiac muscles (involuntary, found in the heart), and skeletal muscles (voluntary, connected to bones).

Question 24

What is meant by “muscle diseases,” and can you provide examples of cardiovascular diseases?

Answer 24

Muscle diseases, also called cardiovascular diseases, encompass various heart conditions, including strokes, heart attacks, and angina. These are examples of cardiovascular diseases.

Question 25

Who is mainly affected by heart diseases, and how common are they in the United States?

Answer 25

Heart diseases mainly affect older people, and about 61 million Americans have some form of cardiovascular disease.

Question 26

Are heart diseases contagious, and what are some risk factors associated with them?

Answer 26

Heart diseases are not contagious. Risk factors for heart diseases include smoking and having high blood pressure.

Question 27

What measures can individuals take to prevent heart disease?

Answer 27

Individuals can prevent heart disease by not smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, eating a healthy diet, and engaging in regular exercise.