Fractures Flashcards
Radiographic Considerations
2 views minimum
Pre and post reduction films
Cast changes
Post-op osseous surgery
Transverse Fracture
Fracture line is
transverse to the
longitudinal axis
of the bone
Oblique Fractures
Fracture line is
oblique to the
longitudinal axis
of the bone
Spiral Fractures
Fracture line is
rotated around the
longitudinal axis of
the bone
The length is at
least twice as long
as the width of the
bone involved
Fracture Location
Proximal- 1/3
Middle-1/3
Distal of Bone-1/3
Intraarticular
Fracture
Involves
the joint surface,
secondary DJD may
develop
Extraarticular
Does
not involve joint
surface
Open fracture –
(Compound)
disruption of soft
tissue exposing the
bone to air
Closed fracture
soft tissue has not
been breached
Simple Fracture
one fracture line
(2 fracture fragments)
Comminuted fracture
multiple fracture lines exist in the same bone (3 or more fracture fragments)
Segmental
fragment
middle
segment of bone
that has been
displaced
Butterfly fragment
a triangular
portion of bone
that has been
displaced
Complete fracture
penetrates all cortices
Greenstick Fracture
Incomplete fracture or
disruption of convex surface of
bone, which can cause
angulation deformity
Torus Fracture
Incomplete fracture or
disruption of concave
surface of bone, which
can cause angulation
deformity
Compression fracture
Stress Fracture
Stress fracture –
gradually develops
from multiple
repetitions of force
Non-displaced
fracture
no change
in the normal
relationship of the
fracture ends
Displaced fracture
distal fragment
altered from normal
relationship with
proximal fragment by
at least 2mm
Bayonet
Angulated fracture
longitudinal axis of
displaced distal bone fragment is angled away
from proximal bone
Rotation fracture
rotation of distal bone
along its longitudinal axis from proximal
fragment
Subluxation
ess than 100% but greater
than 0% apposition between two bone at the
joint level
Dislocation
no contact (0% apposition)
between two bones at the joint level
Pathologic fracture
Weakened by
preexisting disease
Impaction Fracture
The fracture fragment
is impacted/impaled on
the shaft of a long
bone, shortened segment
Avulsion Fracture
Occur at site of
muscle, tendon,
or ligament
attachment; from
abrupt pull, piece
of bone is avulsed
with soft tissue
Diastasis
Separation of a
normally joined
part
Delayed union
Fracture healing
taking longer than
expected consider
fracture type, age,
and bone. Less than
6 months.
Nonunion
No signs
of healing at 6
months or later
Radiographic Types of nonunion
Hypertrophic
Rich blood supply
Hypotrophic
Poor blood supply
Hypertrophic
Rich blood supply
Elephant
Horse hoof
Oligotrophic
Hypotrophic
Poor blood supply
Torsion wedge
Comminution
Defect
Atrophic
Malunion
Healing in
improper
anatomic
alignment
Pseudoarthrosis
a nonunion or false
joint
no ligamentous
support, but often
has motion,
