Fractures

Question 1

Open

Answer 1

Open wound present over fracture site and exposing to environment

Question 2

Complicated

Answer 2

Damage to other important tissue as well as bone (eg nerves & blood vessels)

Question 3

Simple

Answer 3

One fracture line, two fragments

Question 4

Segmental

Answer 4

More than one fracture line on the shaft of a long bone

Question 5

Comminuted

Answer 5

One fracture site but more than 2 fragments

Question 6

Multiple

Answer 6

More than one fracture site and several fragments

Question 7

Transverse

Answer 7

Fracture at right angle to location of fracture line

Question 8

Oblique

Answer 8

Fracture is diagonal to long axis of bone

Question 9

Spiral

Answer 9

Fracture spirals around long axis of bone

Question 10

Longitudinal

Answer 10

Fracture is parallel long axis of bone

Question 11

Complete

Answer 11

Bone is completely broken in two or more fragments

Question 12

Incomplete

Answer 12

Cortex is broken, periosteum remains intact on one side of bone

Question 13

Fissure

Answer 13

Crack in cortex but no displacement of any fragments

Question 14

Closed

Answer 14

No wound over surface of fractured bone

Question 15

What are the principles of fracture repair?

Answer 15

1. Reduce fracture
2. Align fragments
3. Immobilise fragments
4. Restore soft tissue function