Fracture management, bone healing, giraffing

Question 1

Goal of fracture treatment

Answer 1

promote an early and complete return to function

Question 2

Biological fixation

Answer 2

preserve the local fx environment
bridging osteosynthesis
closed or limited open reductions

Question 3

Reduction

Answer 3

process of apposing fx fragments

Question 4

alignment

Answer 4

orientation of the joints proximal and distal to the fx

Question 5

3 phases of secondary healing

Answer 5

Inflammatory
Reparative
Remodeling

Question 6

Inflammatory phase

Answer 6

hematoma formation

necrotic tissue formed

Question 7

Reparative phase

Answer 7

Callus composed of fibrous tissue, cartilage, and woven bone formed

Question 8

Remodeling phase

Answer 8

Bone is recontoured in the accordance with the forces which it is subjected

Question 9

Wolff’s law

Answer 9

Bone in a healthy animal will adapt to the loads under which it’s placed

Question 10

What does primary healing require

Answer 10

anatomic reduction

rigid fixation

Question 11

Contact healing

Answer 11

direct apposition
Direct ingrowth of Haversian systems
Cutting cones formed

Question 12

Gap healing

Answer 12

<1mm
direct bone formation
Woven bone is longitudinally reconstructed

Question 13

Osteogenesis

Answer 13

direct new bone formation

Question 14

Osteoinduction

Answer 14

recruitment and differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells

Question 15

Osteoconduction

Answer 15

scaffold for ingrowth of capillaries

Question 16

What provides acute structural support

Answer 16

cortical grafts

Question 17

Where is cancellous bone graft harvested from

Answer 17

greater tubercle of humerus
Iliac crest
proximal tibia