Fractional Distillation Flashcards
What are the major constituents of red wine?
Sugars,water and alcohol.
Why does fractional distillation allow us to separate red wine into constituents?
Alcohol has a lower boiling point than water therefor it will boil faster and can be collected before the water.
What do you notice about the flammability of your ‘fractions’?
They are highly flammable, catching a light quickly and it is a clear flame.
Crude oil is an _____ natural resource and is one of the main sources of fuels and organic chemicals.
Important
Crude oil is a ____ of hundreds of different chemicals having different boiling points.
Mixture
Separation takes place by ____ off portions over different ranges of temperatures.
Boiling
The portions contain chemicals with similar properties are called _____.
Fractions
What is the process of separation called?
Fractional Distillation
What are the properties of small molecules?(4)
- Low Boiling Point
- Very volatile
- Flows easily(Viscosity)
- Ignites Easily
What are properties of large molecules?(4)
- High Boiling Point
- Not very volatile
- Does not flow easily (Viscosity)
- Does not ignite easily
Name the fractions in the table:
Petrol
Naphtha
Kerosene
Diesel
What is the color of petrol?
Colour less/pale yellow
What is the color of Naphtha?
Red brown
What is the color of kerosene?
Colour less/yellow
What is the color of diesel?
Brown
The fractions colours go from ____ to ____.
Light to dark
The fractions boiling points go from ____ to ____.
Low to high
The fractions viscosity goes from ____ to ____.
Low to high
The flammability of the fractions go from __ to ___.
High to low
What is viscosity?
A fluid’s resistance to flow.
Why does the word ‘organic’ mean?
Of or designating carbon compounds.
Are the fractions collected in the crude oil experiment pure? explain
Yes, because pure substances have fixed boiling points.
Why is not necessary to put the collecting test tube into water?
Because it is already condensed, fraction is already a liquid, cold water is needed in the Liebeg condenser
