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Chemistry > Fractional Distillation > Flashcards

Fractional Distillation Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the major constituents of red wine?

A

Sugars,water and alcohol.

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2
Q

Why does fractional distillation allow us to separate red wine into constituents?

A

Alcohol has a lower boiling point than water therefor it will boil faster and can be collected before the water.

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3
Q

What do you notice about the flammability of your ‘fractions’?

A

They are highly flammable, catching a light quickly and it is a clear flame.

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4
Q

Crude oil is an _____ natural resource and is one of the main sources of fuels and organic chemicals.

A

Important

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5
Q

Crude oil is a ____ of hundreds of different chemicals having different boiling points.

A

Mixture

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6
Q

Separation takes place by ____ off portions over different ranges of temperatures.

A

Boiling

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7
Q

The portions contain chemicals with similar properties are called _____.

A

Fractions

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8
Q

What is the process of separation called?

A

Fractional Distillation

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9
Q

What are the properties of small molecules?(4)

A
  • Low Boiling Point
  • Very volatile
  • Flows easily(Viscosity)
  • Ignites Easily
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10
Q

What are properties of large molecules?(4)

A
  • High Boiling Point
  • Not very volatile
  • Does not flow easily (Viscosity)
  • Does not ignite easily
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11
Q

Name the fractions in the table:

A

Petrol
Naphtha
Kerosene
Diesel

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12
Q

What is the color of petrol?

A

Colour less/pale yellow

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13
Q

What is the color of Naphtha?

A

Red brown

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14
Q

What is the color of kerosene?

A

Colour less/yellow

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15
Q

What is the color of diesel?

A

Brown

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16
Q

The fractions colours go from ____ to ____.

A

Light to dark

17
Q

The fractions boiling points go from ____ to ____.

A

Low to high

18
Q

The fractions viscosity goes from ____ to ____.

A

Low to high

19
Q

The flammability of the fractions go from __ to ___.

A

High to low

20
Q

What is viscosity?

A

A fluid’s resistance to flow.

21
Q

Why does the word ‘organic’ mean?

A

Of or designating carbon compounds.

22
Q

Are the fractions collected in the crude oil experiment pure? explain

A

Yes, because pure substances have fixed boiling points.

23
Q

Why is not necessary to put the collecting test tube into water?

A

Because it is already condensed, fraction is already a liquid, cold water is needed in the Liebeg condenser

Chemistry (8 decks)

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