Fractional Distillation

Question 1

What does fractional distillation do?

Answer 1

Separates miscible (can mix together) liquids that have different boiling points

Question 2

What can crude oil be separated into during fractional distillation

Answer 2

Petrol, diesel and kerosene

Question 3

Process of fractional distillation (stage 1+2)

Answer 3

The liquid boil at their boiling point, their vapours rise through a column which is hot at the bottom and cooler at the top,

Question 4

Process of fractional distillation (stage 3+4)

Answer 4

The vapour condense into a liquid when they reach a part of the column that is below the temperature of their boiling point, the liquids which condense in the column drip back into the flask

Question 5

Process of fractional distillation (stage 5+6).

Answer 5

Any gas that makes it to the top of the fractioning column enters the condenser where it is changed to a liquid, the liquid runs into a collecting vessel

Question 6

Fractional distillation stage 7

Answer 6

Distillates collected over a narrow temperature range are known as fractions