Electrolysis Flashcards

1
Q

What are electrolytes?

A

Ionic compounds molten or dissolved in water

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2
Q

What is electrolysis?

A

Electrical energy from a direct current breaking down electrolytes free irons are attracted to opposite charged electrodes

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3
Q

What are the negative ions called in electrolysis?

A

Anions

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4
Q

What are the positive ions called in electrolysis?

A

Cations

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5
Q

What is the negative electrode called?

A

The cathode

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6
Q

What electrode are the anions attracted to?

A

The anode

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7
Q

What electrode are the cat ions attracted to?

A

The cathode

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8
Q

What is the positive electrode called?

A

The anode

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9
Q

What happens at the cathode?

A

Reduction

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10
Q

What happens at the anode?

A

Oxidation

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11
Q

Why do we use carbon for electrodes?

A

They have a high melting point and don’t react with the reactants or products of electrolysis

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12
Q

Why do we use carbon for electrodes?

A

They have a high melting point and don’t react with the reactants or products of electrolysis

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13
Q

What ions compete at the cathode during electrolysis of solutions?

A

Hydrogen ions and the positive ions (metal) from the compound

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14
Q

What two ions compete at the anode during electrolysis of solutions?

A

Hydroxide ions from the water and negative ions (non-metal) from the compound

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15
Q

When is a metal produced at the cathode instead of hydrogen?

A

If it is lower than hydrogen on the metal reactivity series

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16
Q

What are the only metals that can possibly be produced at the cathode during electrolysis of solutions?

A

Copper, silver and gold

17
Q

What happens if hydrogen is more reactive than the metal in electrolysis of solutions?

A

Hydrogen is produced at the cathode

18
Q

Oxygen is produced at the anode unless what?

A

Unless the hydro oxide is competing with halide ions (bromide, chloride and iodide)

19
Q

What is the gas test for hydrogen?

A

A lighted splint goes out with a squeaky pop

20
Q

What is the gas test for oxygen?

A

A glowing splint relights

21
Q

What is the gas test for chlorine?

A

Damp blue litmus paper tons red and then is bleached white

22
Q

What is the hazard of copper sulphate solution?

A

Skin irritation and serious eye irritation

23
Q

How do we prevent the hazards of copper sulfate solution ?

A

Wear gloves and eye protection

24
Q

What is the hazard of the DC electricity supply?

A

Electric shock

25
How do we prevent the hazard of the DC electricity supply?
We make sure the electrodes do not touch and we make sure electricity supply is switched off before handling apparatus
26
What is oxidation?
The loss of electrons
27
What is reduction?
The gain of electrons
28
What acronym can we use for oxidation and reduction?
Oil rig
29
What side of the half equation is the electrons on if it is oxidation?
The product side
30
What side of the equation are the electrons if it is reduction
The left side