FR - Burgogne Flashcards
What are the ‘child grapes’ of the parents Pinot x Gouais Blanc?
Chardonnay, Aligoté, Gamay, Melon de Bourgogne, Sacy
Pinot Noir crossed with Gouais Blanc produced these important offspring in Burgundy and elsewhere.
Chardonnay synonym in Yonne department?
Beaunois
In the Yonne (Chablis) area, Chardonnay is traditionally called Beaunois, referencing Beaune.
Pinot Gris synonym in Burgundy?
Pinot Beaurot
Pinot Gris may appear on Burgundy labels as Pinot Beurot (Beaurot), a historic local name.
St Bris AOP in Yonne: which grapes?
Sauvignon Blanc and Sauvignon Gris
St-Bris is the only Sauvignon-based AOP in Burgundy.
Irancy AOP: main grapes and location?
Pinot Noir with up to 10% Pinot Gris and César, in the Yonne
Irancy is a red-only appellation near Chablis.
Which rare red grapes can still be found in the Yonne department?
César and Tressot
These historic varieties are authorized in parts of the Yonne but scarcely planted today.
Côte de Beaune-Villages AOP: which style is authorized?
Red wines from Pinot Noir only
The appellation excludes Pommard, Volnay, Aloxe-Corton, and Beaune for sourcing.
Bourgogne Mousseux AOP: style, method, and grapes?
Sparkling red (traditional method) mainly from Pinot Noir and Gamay
Bourgogne Mousseux is an older AOP for fizzing red wines.
Mâcon AOP: styles and grapes?
White, rosé, and red from Chardonnay, Gamay, Pinot Noir
Mâcon-Villages covers only white from Chardonnay.
Name the five village AOPs of the Côte Chalonnaise.
Bouzeron, Rully, Mercurey, Givry, and Montagny
Each has distinct rules; Bouzeron and Montagny are white only.
Which two Côte Chalonnaise AOPs produce only white wine?
Bouzeron (Aligoté) and Montagny (Chardonnay)
Bouzeron is unique to Aligoté; Montagny is exclusively Chardonnay.
Givry AOP: permitted grapes?
Pinot Noir and Chardonnay
While known for reds, Givry also permits white from Chardonnay.
Rully AOP: approximate share of white vs. red?
About 70% Chardonnay and 30% Pinot Noir
Rully is also a key source for Crémant de Bourgogne.
Which village is the center of Crémant de Bourgogne production?
Rully
Sparkling wines originated here in the 19th century, making Rully a major hub.
Mercurey AOP: main grape?
Pinot Noir, with some Chardonnay
About 85% of Mercurey’s output is red wine.
Which Côte Chalonnaise village has the most planted acreage?
Mercurey
It accounts for nearly two-thirds of the region’s red wine plantings.
Earliest recognized Premier Crus in Mercurey?
Clos Marcilly, Clos Voyens, Clos du Roy, Les Fourneaux, and Les Montaigus (1943)
These were the original five Premier Crus in 1943.
Faiveley’s Premier Cru monopole in Mercurey?
Clos des Myglands
Faiveley is the sole owner of this vineyard in Mercurey.
Montagny AOP: grape and main communes?
100% Chardonnay from Buxy, Jully-lès-Buxy, Montagny-lès-Buxy, Saint-Vallerin
Montagny is exclusively white.
Name two limestone escarpments in the Mâconnais.
The Rocks of Solutré and Vergisson
These iconic formations tower over Pouilly-Fuissé.
List the 10 Beaujolais Crus from north to south.
St-Amour, Juliénas, Chénas, Moulin-à-Vent, Fleurie, Chiroubles, Morgon, Régnié, Brouilly, Côte de Brouilly
Each Cru has its own terroir and style.
Which Beaujolais Cru is typically the most tannic?
Moulin-à-Vent
Moulin-à-Vent wines are often the fullest-bodied and most ageworthy.
How do soils differ between northern and southern Beaujolais?
Granite in the north; limestone-clay in the south
The northern Crus thrive on granitic hills; the south is flatter and more clay-based.
Coteaux du Lyonnais AOP: style and grapes?
Red/rosé from Gamay, whites from Chardonnay, Aligoté, Pinot Blanc
This lesser-known area lies just south of Beaujolais near Lyon.
Which is the smallest Beaujolais Cru? Which is the largest?
Chénas (~250 ha) is smallest; Brouilly (~1300 ha) is largest
Chénas is easily overlooked while Brouilly dominates production.
What is the usual training system in Beaujolais?
Gobelet (head-trained vines)
Hand-harvesting is still typical, though some modern trellising appears.
What does ‘Moulin-à-Vent’ mean?
Windmill
The Cru is named for the iconic windmill structure in Romanèche-Thorins.
List the Chablis Grand Cru from east to west.
Blanchot, Les Clos, Valmur, Vaudésir, Grenouilles, Les Preuses, Bougros
These seven climats form the contiguous Grand Cru slope.
List the Chablis Grand Cru from west to east.
Bougros, Les Preuses, Vaudésir, Grenouilles, Valmur, Les Clos, Blanchot
The same seven sites in reverse order.
What is the difference between Portlandian and Kimmeridgian limestone in Chablis?
Portlandian is younger, harder, less fossil-rich; Kimmeridgian is marly with fossilized oyster shells
Quality vineyards usually lie on Kimmeridgian marl.
When was Petit Chablis established, and on which soils?
1944, on Portlandian limestone
Higher, wind-exposed plateaus above the main slope.
What is ‘La Moutonne’ in Chablis?
A monopole of Domaine Long-Depaquit overlapping Vaudésir and Preuses
It’s permitted on labels but not an official eighth Grand Cru.
Approximate sizes of Les Clos vs. Grenouilles in Chablis Grand Cru?
Les Clos ~28.39 ha, Grenouilles ~9.38 ha
Les Clos is the largest, Grenouilles is relatively small.
Which Chablis Grand Cru faces southeast near Montée de Tonnerre?
Blanchot
It lies just east of Les Clos and is next to Montée de Tonnerre Premier Cru.
Which large co-op in Chablis owns most of Grenouilles?
La Chablisienne (Château de Grenouilles)
The cooperative holds ~7.2 ha of this 9.38-ha Grand Cru.
St-Amour Cru: location and style?
Northernmost Beaujolais Cru, producing lighter-bodied reds
Named for the village near the Mâconnais border.
Which Roman figure inspired Juliénas Cru’s name?
Julius Caesar
Grapevines have existed here since Roman times.
Which Beaujolais Cru is smallest in area?
Chénas at around 250 ha
Often overshadowed by neighboring Moulin-à-Vent.
Moulin-à-Vent Cru: origin of the name?
A historic windmill
The iconic mill gave the Cru its name—literally ‘windmill.’
Fleurie Cru: typical soils and style?
Pink granite soils, floral and elegant Gamay
Often considered one of the most graceful, aromatic Crus.
Chiroubles Cru: known for what feature?
Highest-altitude vineyards in Beaujolais, producing light, fresh reds
It reaches up to ~450 meters.
Morgon Cru: size and special soil?
About 1100 ha, featuring ‘roche pourrie’ (rotten rock)
This mix of decomposed schist, iron oxide, and manganese shapes Morgon’s style.
Who are the ‘Gang of Four’ natural wine advocates in Morgon?
Marcel Lapierre, Jean Foillard, Jean-Paul Thévenet, and Guy Breton
They followed Jules Chauvet’s low-intervention principles.
When was Régnié elevated to Beaujolais Cru status?
1988
It’s the newest of the ten recognized Beaujolais Crus.
Brouilly Cru: size and name origin?
~1300 ha, from ‘brûlé’ (burnt) referring to volcanic Mont Brouilly
It’s the largest of the Beaujolais Crus.
Côte de Brouilly Cru: soils and a top producer?
Schist and blue diorite on Mont Brouilly; Château Thivin is notable
Located on higher slopes than Brouilly proper.
Which Beaujolais Crus are often described as the fruitiest?
Chiroubles, Brouilly, and Régnié
Typically lighter-bodied, fresh Gamay styles.
Which Beaujolais Crus show more structure and ageworthiness?
Moulin-à-Vent, Morgon, Côte de Brouilly, and Juliénas
Firmer tannins and depth for cellaring.
When is Beaujolais Nouveau released, and what year was it first permitted?
The third Thursday of November, started in 1951
This youthful style was popularized by Georges Duboeuf.
Which five Mâconnais AOPs allow only Chardonnay?
Pouilly-Fuissé, Pouilly-Loché, Pouilly-Vinzelles, Saint-Véran, and Viré-Clessé
All are white-only village appellations.
Pouilly-Fuissé: how many communes, which grape?
Four communes—Fuissé, Solutré-Pouilly, Vergisson, Chaintré—100% Chardonnay
Pouilly-Fuissé is the flagship Mâconnais white.
When did Pouilly-Fuissé gain Premier Cru status?
2020
Approximately 24% of the vineyards were upgraded to Premier Cru.
Which Mâcon village designations produce only white wine?
Fuissé, Solutré-Pouilly, Loché, Uchizy, Chardonnay, etc.
These subzones allow only Chardonnay under the Mâcon name.
Mâcon Serrières: which color wines?
Red only
Mâcon-Serrières is one of the rare red-focused geographical designations.
Minimum alcohol for Chablis vs. Petit Chablis?
Chablis at 10% abv, Petit Chablis at 9.5% abv
Petit Chablis is typically lighter and grown on higher Portlandian soils.
