Foundations of Knowledge Flashcards
A CTRS, who works with 3 to 5 year olds in a preschool program, uses Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Deelopment to improve the age-appropriateness of his programs. SPecifically he teaches the children to
A. know when to take action and when to use self-restraint
B. play games that require intra-group social interactions skills
C. meet their own needs through intrinsically motivated play
D. recognize their own strengths and weaknesses
A. know when to take action and when to use self-restraint
One of the most important ways in which CTRSs help clients develop independent and satisfying leisure lifestyles is by teaching them
A. as many leisure activities as possible
B. how to make positive leisure choices for self-involvement
C. how to access public transportation and leisure facilities
D. the concepts of self-determination and intrinsic motivation
B. how to make positive leisure choices for self-involvement
Which of the following TR service models has as its overall purpose to make more autonomous choices that will lead to higher quality of life
A. Leisure Ability Model
B. Self-Determination and Enjoyment model
C. Health Protection/Health Promotion Model
D. Therapeutic Recreation Health Outcome Model
B. Self-Determination and Enjoyment Enhancement Model
Which of the following statements is true regarding persons qualifying for services under IDEA of 2004?
A. All individuals aged 5 through 21 w/ disabilities qualify for services
B. All individuals, pre-school to age 21 w/ disabilities and with need, qualify for services
C. Only individuals w/ cognitive, emotional and physical disabilities from pre-school to 21 qualify for services
D. Ony individuals with cognitive and physical disabilities who have an IQ above 85 qualify for services
B. All individuals, pre-school to age 21 with disabilities and with need qualify for services
Which of the following best represents the theory of recreation substitutability?
A. The activity does not matter, it’s the experience that counts
B. The second-string squad often plays as well as the first-string squad
C. Unable to do one activity, the person chooses another that provides similar satisfactions and benefits
D. There is no substitute for a person’s favorite leisure activity so it must always be available
C. Unable to do one activity, the person chooses another that provides similar satisfactions and benefits
The client has been diagnoses with heroin addiction and admitted as an inpatient. The CTRS should be aware of which of the following possible complications of heroin addiction?
A. Exposure to HIV
B. Blunted feelings
C. Rapidly alternating periods of mania and depression
D. Decreased pain tolerance
A. Exposure to HIV
Cataracts involve clouding of the cornea of the eyeball and is the leading cause of
A. falls in the elderly
B. blindness
C. glaucoma
D. nearsightedness
B. blindness
The CTRS bases her intervention programs on the notion that all clients desire to interact effectively with their physical and social environments and to view themselves as skilled in their quest for a happy and fulfilling life. She is basing her intervention programs on the theory of
A. competence-effectance motivation
B. trust-building
C. flow
D. social psychology of leisure
A. competence-effectance motivation
How many chapters does the DSM-5 (2013) have on mental health disorders
A. 10
B. 20
C. 30
D. 40
B. 20
Which federal legislation attempts to equalize mental health services with other medical services?
A. Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act
B. Americans with Disabilities Act
C. Equity Healthcare for All Americans Act
D. Equal Illness, Equal Healthcare Act
A. Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act
Accreditation standards for ambulatory health care, behavioral health care, home care, and hospitals come from which of the following organizations
A. Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities (CARF)
B. Joint Commission (JCAHO)
C. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)
B. Joint Commission (JCAHO)
A common secondary condition for individuals with severe arthritis is
A. spina bifida
B. contractures
C. enlarged bones
D. aphasia
B. contractures
Which of the following is an example of universal design?
A. Escalators
B. Revolving doors
C. Zippers on clothing
D. Low-floor or “kneeling” buses
D. Low-floor or “kneeling” buses
One of the primary purposes used by the Optimizing Lifelong Health Through TR Model is
A. functional improvement
B. selection of appropriate activities
C. prescriptive activities
D. leisure experiences
B. selection of appropriate activities
The CTRS wants to start a garden group that clients can independently attend and organize. The best group format would be
A. instructional class
B. clubs and special interest groups
C. drop-in center
D. out-trips
B. clubs and special interest groups
Where is the latissimus-dorsi muscle located in the human body
A. Leg
B. Neck
C Abdomen
D. Mid-back
D. mid-back
What is likely to be the nature/role of the CTRS in an acute care setting where the medical model is the mode of operation?
A. Design recreation participation programs for evening/weekend participation
B. Conduct one-on-one sessions with clients using leisure as a diversional tool
C. Prepare individualized tx programs based on physician’s orders
D. Plan leisure education sessions so clients gain an awareness of leisure and life satisfaction
C. Prepare individualized tx programs based on physician orders
Presbyopia is a visual condition common in older individuals that usually results in
A. loss of elasticity of the lens and inability to focus on an object
B. an astigmaisim of unequal portions
C. cataracts
D. glaucoma
A. loss of elasticity of the lens and inability to focus on an object
Which of the following is an example of a program based on the principle of “normalization?”
A. Older adults with sensory deficits are taken to a playground
B. Female teenagers with DD play videos games and listen to music
C. Youths in juvenile detention attend programs on vacationing oversease
D. All children with disabilities are registered for community recreation programs
B. Female teenagers w/ DD play video games and listen to music
Facilities that provide adult day care, assisted living, behavioral health, and employment and community services are MOST LIKELY to seek accreditation from
A. Joint Commission
B. Nationa Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA)
C. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
D. Rehabilitation Accreditation Commission (CARF)
D. Rehabilitation Accreditation Commission (CARF)
Which of the following federal acts defined therapeutic recreation as a related area of service and was responsible for allowing more people with disabilities to be served by CTRSs?
A. 1973 Rehabilitation Act
B. Smith-Sears Veterans Rehabilitation Act
C. IDEA
D. White House Conference on Handicapped INdividuals Act
C. IDEA
A leisure lifestyle means that the individual
A. is unemployed and is “at leisure” for most of the day
B. has developed a daily pattern of leisure involvement
C. participates in a variety of leisure activities
D. is independent in most if not all of daily activities
B. has developed a daily pattern of leisure involvement
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of transactional leadership?
A. Using authority over employees to demand that tasks get done
B. Examining the exchanges between employee loyalty and performance
C. Using incentives to enhance employee loyalty and performance
D. Helping employees identify tasks, goals, and performance outcomes
A. using authority over employees to demand that tasks get done
Inclusion means that all individuals
A. have equal rights in participating and living in the community
B. live and work in the community
C. can participate in separate but equal services
D. receive the same services in all areas of community living
A. have equal rights in participating and living in the community
A cleint’s sense of control may be increased through all of the following EXCEPT
A. asking what type of community event the person would like to attend
B. giving the client an important role in planning to attend the event
C. asking the client to take part in the meal preparation
D. placing the sign up sheet in the main activity room so all can find it
D. placing the sign up sheet in the main activity room so all can find it
Which of the following strategies might a CTRS use to improve the self-efficacy of her clients?
A. negative reinforcement
B. positive reinforcement
C. social or verbal persuasion
D. large print materials
C. social or verbal persuasion
In establishing an environment that embraces multiculturalism, the CTRS would,
A. make sure all ethnic holidays are on the activity calendar
B. introduce signage that includes both English and Spanish and possibly French
C. recognize people’s differences while establishing a sense of unity
C. recognize people’s differences while establishing a sense of unity
Which of the following is a TRUE statement about group size?
A. The perfect group size is 12
B. All sizes of groups can work well, but larger groups require greater planning and management
C. Small groups are more effective at reaching group goals
D. The larger the group, the more than can be accomplished
B. All sizes of groups can work well, but larger groups require greater planning and management
Neurological functions necessary for survival (breathing, digestion, heart rate) are located in what section of the brain?
A. Brainstem
B. Cerebellum
C. Frontal Lobe
D. Occipital lobe
Brainstem
If an individual experiences a stroke on the right side of the brain, the typical effects include
A. lack of depth perception, intuition, and nonverbal perception
B. inability to remember past events and to read
C. inability to communicate and organize thoughts
D. increased lability and anger control
A. lack of depth perception, intuition, and nonverbal perception
Injury to which area of the spinal cord would most likely result in tetraplegia?
A. Thoracic
B. Lumbar
C. Sacral
D. Cervical
D. Cervical
Injury to which area of the spinal cord would most likely result in paraplegia?
A. T1 - S5
B. C1-C8
C. L1-L12
A. T1 -S5
Which theory related to successful aging suggests that activities and relationships that have been maintained over a long period of time in an individual’s life are the ones most likely to contribute to well-being?
A. Continuity
B. Disengagement
C. Activity
D. Retirement
A. Continuity
