foundations of industrialization

Question 1

what factors made Great Britain, China, and Japan

industrialized countries>

Answer 1

• high agricultural productivity
• high population
• specialization
• navigable rivers and networks of canals
• banking and finance

Question 2

how did the location of coal impact

Great Britain vs China?

Answer 2

GrBn-close to water transport, centers of commerce, and skilled labor (so they shifted from wood to coal)

Ch-far from Yangzi Delta (so they did not industrialize)

Question 3

Britain’s colonies aid in GrBn’s industrialization?

Answer 3

provides raw materials

–later provides space for surplus population

Question 4

why was cotton industrialized first?

Answer 4

• demand for calicoes
• cotton became in huge demand because it was easier to wash and lighter

-demand was so high they started making new technology

Question 5

how did textile production increase?

Answer 5

inventions

• flying shuttle (weaving)
• mule (spinning)
• water power loom (weaving)
• steam power looms (weaving)

Question 6

what impact did the steam engine have on mining and textiles?

Answer 6

(James Watt)

Mining: more coal demand
textiles: more textiles produced

Question 7

why was coke important in the IR?

Answer 7

coke is better than charcoal

• -can build bigger blast furnaces and make more iron/steel
• —then steel is used to make machines and buildings better

Question 8

benefits of

steel vs iron?

Answer 8

harder
stronger
more resilient than iron

Question 9

Henry Bessemer

Answer 9

built the “Bessemer converter”

• –a refined blast furnace
• to produce steel cheaper and more

Question 10

how did better transportation increase Industrialization?

Answer 10

• fast and inexpensive

- links interior regions with shores