Foundations of Evidence Based Nursing Flashcards
The conscious and judicious use of the current “best” evidence in the care of patients and the delivery of health care services
Evidence Based Practive
A model of understanding consistently free of contradiction that guides our expectations and helps us sort, organize, and classify information
Paradigm
What does Evidence Based Practice consist of?
Research, Patient Preferences, Resources, and Clinical Experience
What is the “Semmelweis” effect?
Hand hygiene change that cut down on infections and deaths
What are the five steps of evidence based practice?
PICOT Question; collect the most relevant/best evidence, critically appraise evidence; integrate all evidence with one’s clinical expertise, patient preferences, and values in making a practice decision or change; evaluate the practice decision or change
A broad, basic-knowledge question commonly answered in text books, beginning with “what” or “when”
Background Questions
A specific question that, when answered, provides evidence for clinical decision making
Foreground question
What does PICOT stand for?
Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Time
What is the difference between research and evidence based practice?
EBP is clinical answers
What are the barriers to evidence based practice?
Inadequate knowledge of EBP, inadequate resources, lack of support from higher administrators
What are the “Never Events” due to current evidence based practice?
Never get a vascular-catheter associated infection, never get a catheter associated UTI, administration of incompatible blood, and hospital acquired stages 3-4 pressure ulcers
Risk factors that affect the results of a study
Confounding Factors
How are confounding factors accounted for?
Statistical techniques
What are typical confounding factors?
Age, gender, smoking, income
The probability that the results of a study just happened by chance alone
P Value
An independent, non-profit health research organization whose mission is to fund research that offers patients and caregivers the information they need to make important healthcare decisions
The Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute
An objective, structured approach to carefully judging a quantitative study’s worth for the purpose of informing clinical decision
Critical Appraisal
How is critical appraisal of qualitative research conducted?
Look at the type of study and statement of phenomenon of interest to determine if it is acceptable
Process used when setting aside personal bases to prevent leading the participant to issues deemed important to the researcher
Bracketing
What is the determining factor for a researcher to conduct a qualitative study?
The nature of the research question
Combining different methods, theories data sources, or investigators?
Triangulation
Obtaining required number of subjects in such a manner that each has an equal chance in being selected
Randomization
Measure used to keep conditions of quantitative study uniform
Control
What is the best source of evidence?
Systematic reviews
What happened in the Tuskegee Study?
The US Public Health Service knowingly withheld treatment for Syphilis to the detriment of many participants
