Foundations

Question 1

Foundation

Answer 1

Part of a structure in direct contact with the ground and which transmit the load of the tructure to the ground.

Question 2

Foundation Functions

Answer 2

Support Loads
Prevent Settlement
Prevent Possible movement of structure during weather events (change in temp)
Resist Uplift
Resist Lateral Forces
Distribute Load
Base for superstructure

Question 3

Foundation Load Types

Answer 3

Dead
Lve Wind
Water Pressure
Longitudinal loads
Impact
Temp Stresses
Earth pressure
Seismic Load

Question 4

Foundation Types

Answer 4

Shallow, Deep Piling

Question 5

Shallow Foundation Types

Answer 5

Pad, Strip, Raft

Question 6

Pad

Answer 6

Light Loads,
Not suitable; Different ground conditions
Subsoil subject to changing characteristics

Question 7

Raft

Answer 7

Large Scale Pad
Used when ground conditions are reasonably good, but variation is apparent

Question 8

Strip

Answer 8

Like Pad, but along a wall

Question 9

Deep Piling

Answer 9

Transferring foundations to a convenient level, a firm soil stratum with sufficient load bearing capabilties

Question 10

Piling Types

Answer 10

Driven, Cast-in-place

Question 11

Driven piling Types

Answer 11

Timber
Precast Concrete
Closed ended steel tude
Steel H Sections

Question 12

Cast in Place

Answer 12

Bulb Piles
Bored Piles
Grouted Piles

Question 13

Pile Ends

Answer 13

End Bearing
Friction
Combination

Question 14

Driving Pile Meathods

Answer 14

Steam - Single and Double acting
Diesel Hammer

Question 15

Cast in Place

Answer 15

Earth displaced and replaced with concrete
Materials transported in most convenient form
Readily adjustd to actual conditions
Light Construction

Question 16

Bored Pile Uses

Answer 16

Large Loads
Shallow Depth
Avoid Noise

Question 17

Bulb Piles

Answer 17

Resist Upwards Pressure

Question 18

Drilling Fluid

Answer 18

Used to remove mud from bore hole

Question 19

Screw Piles

Answer 19

Eliminated need to bore holes

Question 20

PIle Testing Types

Answer 20

Dynamic Load Testing
Pile INtegrity Testing
Static Load Testing

Question 21

Dynamic Load Test

Answer 21

Reliable and fast
Tests bearing capacity of pile
Standard load applied, settlement is measured.
1) Load where settlement continues when no further load is added
2) Load beyong which there is an increase in net settlement disproportional to the increase in pressure
3) Minimum load applied will be 1,5x working load.

Question 22

Pile Integrity Test

Answer 22

Quality Control
Top of pile is struck with hammer. Shcokwave sent down the pile, cracks or changes will sen back a reflected sockwave. these signals are detected and analysed.

Question 23

Static Load testing