Foundations

Question 1

What processes can occur due to cultural contact

Answer 1

Acculturation
Assimilation
Biculturalism
Cultural Accommodations

Question 2

Acculturation

Answer 2

process through which a person or group from one culture adopts the practices and values of another culture, while still retaining their own distinct culture.

A minority group adopts elements of majority cultures, as is typical with immigrant groups in the place to which they have immigrated.

Acculturation is a two-way process

Question 3

Assimilation

Answer 3

one-way process in which a person or group adopts a new culture that almost completely replaces the original culture. Assimilation can be the eventual outcome of the acculturation process.

Question 4

Biculturalism

Answer 4

presence of at least two distinct cultures in a specific area or region

Question 5

Cultural accommodation

Answer 5

when the majority culture lives in harmony with a minority culture, as each accepts and allows the other to retain its cultural identity

Question 6

When first arriving to a new country, it’s common to experience

Answer 6

culture shock. Symptoms include boredom, withdrawal, increased sleep, irritation, and feelings of isolation or helplessness.

Question 7

Four stages of culture shock

Answer 7

1. Honeymoon stage
2. Frustration stage
3. Adjustment stage
4. Acceptance stage

Question 8

Honeymoon stage

Answer 8

travelers become infatuated with the language, people, and food in their new surroundings. They are happy and excited about the adventure.

Question 9

Frustration stage

Answer 9

Fatigue of not understanding gestures, signs, and the language sets in and miscommunications may happen. Travelers begin to feel homesick

Question 10

Adjustment stage

Answer 10

Travelers begin to feel more familiar and comfortable with the cultures, people, food, and languages of new environments. They have made some friends and support communities.

Question 11

Acceptance stage

Answer 11

Travelers feel more confident in the new country and have established a routine in which they feel familiar

Question 12

An effective teacher recognizes how _____ affects students and their learning

Answer 12

culture contact

Question 13

First step to helping bilingual students be ready for learning

Answer 13

creating a welcoming learning environment

Question 14

How to anchor bilingual students

Answer 14

provide books, artwork, and other items that reflect the culture the child knows

Question 15

Bilingual alphabet

Answer 15

uses items from the children’s culture along with items from current school.

Learn that in any language there are regional variations. Children should not feel embarrassed by terms that are used at home, but children need to know when it is appropriate to use those terms

Question 16

Connecting with families of ELLs

Answer 16

personal relationships with parents help to build a sense of trust. It’s important to have a clear way to communicate with parents, even if that requires a translator.

Question 17

When interacting with parents, it is important to provide opportunities

Answer 17

for parents to learn more about the American education system, the school and the curriculum.

Question 18

Best practices in bilingual education place value on

Answer 18

native language instruction

Question 19

Research shows that the best indicator of success for bilingual child in secondary grades is

Answer 19

the number of years of instruction provided in the native language during elementary schooling. They can even exceep the performance of their monolingual peers.

Question 20

Rubrics that are explicit in what needs to be present in a student product are helpful and are

Answer 20

more likely to lead to success.

Question 21

Multi-disciplinary word walls.

Answer 21

strategy for developing vocabulary especially focusing on words with multiple meanings. Table of contents. Table of elements.

corresponding words in L1 add another dimension because each language has its own set of words that have multiple meanings

Question 22

key in creating a positive multicultural class environment

Answer 22

respect

Question 23

tips for fostering a positive multicultural classroom

Answer 23

• discuss cultural diversity. It is not a secret and students would have the opportunity to share their own culture and learn about others too
• it is important to remember that cultural identity levels vary among individuals that live in a culture from their own heritage. Students go through the acculturation process at different rates, and that’s ok.
• teachers should help students see the benefits of biculturalism and bilingualism in their lives
• teachers can help students find connections by bringing photos, music, maps, and tangible objects into the classroom. Objects can spark memories and act as invitations to share stories and help them learn about each other.

Question 24

In a culturally responsive learning environment, differences

Answer 24

are viewed as assets. high expectations are placed on all students

Question 25

Promote culturally responsive reading instruction by

Answer 25

exposing students to a diverse selection of texts, written by a variety of different authors, in different genres and styles

Question 26

Texts should reflect the diversity of the classroom and school communities. Have a variety of characters that exhibit diversity in:

Answer 26

• race and ethnicity
  -gender
  -socioeconomic status
  -ability
  -age
  -national origin

Question 27

Ideally, each student should be able to see

Answer 27

themselves in addition to those completely different than themselves represented in the texts they read.

Question 28

For Ells, books about their home country are beneficial because

Answer 28

students see familiar information that can make them feel comfortable and ready to learn. They can also connect prior experiences to new ones.

Question 29

One effective practice is to select texts with

Answer 29

universal themes, which are common to most cultures, such as love, courage, friendship, and good triumphing over evil.

Question 30

_____ tend to have universal themes, making them well-suited for students in a multicultural classroom.

Answer 30

Folktales

Question 31

Diversity?

Answer 31

What cultures are present?
Does the identity or experience of this text’s author or characters in the story support the inclusion of diverse voices in the curriculum?
Deliberately choose a variety of texts that allow students to explore both their own and other cultures through reading

Question 32

Cultural sensitivity?

Answer 32

How would people from different cultures react to this text?
Do you have any concerns about generalizations, stereotypes, or misrepresentations in the text?

Question 33

Appropriateness?

Answer 33

is this text appropriate for these students’ culture and age level?

What is the historical, social, or cultural context in which this text was written?

Question 34

Culturally responsive text functions as both

Answer 34

a mirror and a window.

Question 35

Culturally responsive text functions as a mirror becasue

Answer 35

it reflects students’ identities, experiences, and motivations.

Question 36

Culturally responsive text functions as a window because

Answer 36

it provides insight into the identities, experiences, and motivations of others.

Question 37

Having multiple cultures represented in the classroom is an

Answer 37

enriching experience and a learning opportunity for all.