Fossiln Fuels And Carbon Compounds

Question 1

Functional Group

Answer 1

A single atom or a group of atoms which determines most of the properties of a compound

Question 2

Homologous series

Answer 2

A ‘family’ of compounds that have a common functional group, with each successive member differing by a -CH2- unit

Question 3

Substitution reaction

Answer 3

An atom or a group of atoms in a molecule is replaced by another atom or group of atoms

Question 4

Cracking

Answer 4

The breaking down of large hydrocarbon molecules with heat or in the presence of a catalyst to produce smaller hydrocarbon molecules

Question 5

Addition reaction

Answer 5

A chemical reaction in which two or more molecules react to form a single, larger molecule

Question 6

Dimer

Answer 6

Formed as hydrogen bonding acts between two ethanoic acid molecules

Question 7

Polymer

Answer 7

A compound consisting of very large molecules formed by joining together many small molecules repeatedly

Question 8

Repeating Unit

Answer 8

The smallest part of a polymer molecule, and the whole polymer molecule can be obtained by repeating it.

Question 9

Addition polymerisation

Answer 9

A reaction which monomer molecules join together repeatedly to form polymer molecules. No atoms are lost from monomer molecules during the reaction.

Question 10

Isomerism

Answer 10

The property of two or more compounds (called isomers) that have the same molecular formula but different arrangement of atoms

Question 11

Structural isomers

Answer 11

Two or more compounds that have the same molecular formula but the atoms are bonded together in different orders (i.e. with different structures)

Question 12

Stereoisomers

Answer 12

Have the same structural formula (the atoms are bonded together in the same way - same connectivity), but the atoms are arranged differently in space