fossil fuels (history and usage)

Question 1

name the 3 main fossil fuels in use

Answer 1

Coal, oil and natural gas

Question 2

what percentage of global energy demand to these fuels meet

Answer 2

87%

Question 3

in what years are these fossil fuels estimated to run out
coal ____
oil_____
natural gas ____

Answer 3

coal: 250
oil: 50
natural gas: 70

Question 4

before fossil fuels, name the sources of power and fuel

Answer 4

slaves
human power
horse power
wood burners

Question 5

in what century was the industrial revolution

Answer 5

the 18th century

Question 6

list the 4 uses of fossil fuels

Answer 6

plastics, pharmaceutics, transport and fibres

Question 7

what reaction are these fuels used for

Answer 7

combustion (generation of heat)

Question 8

what other process is oil used for

Answer 8

fractional distillation

Question 9

approximately how long do fossil fuel take to form

Answer 9

2 hundred millions years

Question 10

name the four soil materials that pressurised the fossils

Answer 10

dirt, rock, sand and silt

Question 11

since the industrial revolution, is the main driver for electrical power.

Answer 11

growing human population (power, heating and health)

Question 12

what other uses does coal have

Answer 12

steel production, liquid fuel (refrigerant) and cement.

Question 13

approximately how many barrel of oil are used at a daily average

Answer 13

19.5 million

Question 14

describe how fossil/fossil fuels are formed

Answer 14

million of years ago, there were numerous primordial swamps and oceans filled with small lifeforms. over many years and due to unsustainable conditions (smog, ash and heat) many of these plants and animals within the swamps and oceans dies and became buried/sank. over time these materials became buried under sand,silt,dirt and rocks. these materials were under severe pressure and heat for million of years and due to lack of oxygen, they could not decompose naturally and so instead formed what we know today as fossil fuels.

Question 15

what are the advantages of using natural gas as a combustion alternative, compared to using oil or coal.

Answer 15

0% sulphur dioxide emissions

less nitrogen oxide and no particulate realises.

Question 16

name 3 substances created through the fractional distillation of crude oil

Answer 16

gasoline (petrol for cars), kerosene (aircraft fuel)and diesel (fuel for acts, lorries and buses)

Question 17

another term for man-made

Answer 17

anthropometric

Question 18

what can be used as a substitute for the production of ethanol (a bi-product of oil)

Answer 18

sugar cane

Question 19

over reliance on fossil fuels can lead to issues in human needs. what conflict occurred within the past few years due to natural gas reliance

Answer 19

Russia doubled Ukraine gas prices, causing riots and disputes between the nations.

Question 20

what are the two main drivers for an increased electrical need

Answer 20

electric car and electric heating

Question 21

china has be estimated to double the US energy demand by what year.

Answer 21

2040

Question 22

global Co2 emissions are set to be:
____in 2020
____in 2040
meaning at ___% increase over 30 years

Answer 22

global Co2 emissions are set to be:
36.4 million metric tons in 2020
45.5 million metric tons in 2040
meaning at 46% increase over 30 years