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Required formula > Formulas > Flashcards

Formulas Flashcards

1
Q

1 cup

A

8 oz

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2
Q

1 pint

A

16 oz

or 2 cups

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3
Q

1 quart

A

2 pints

or 4 cups

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4
Q

1 gallon

A

4 quarts

Or 8 pints

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5
Q

1 oz

A

28.4 grams
30 mL

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6
Q

mEq to mmol

A

1:1 (monovalent ions)
1:0.5 (divalent ions)

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7
Q

1 inch

A

2.54 centimeters

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8
Q

Specific gravity

A

weight of substance (g) / weight of equal volume of water (g) or g/mL

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9
Q

Osmolarity equation

A

(wt of substance/MW) * (# of particle) * x 1,000

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10
Q

Isotonicity (E Value)

A

(58.5 * i) / (MW of drug * 1.8)

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11
Q

Carbs, protein (enteral)

A

4 Kcal/grams

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12
Q

Fat (enteral)

A

9 Kcal/grams

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13
Q

dextrose (parenteral)

A

3.4 kCal/gram

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14
Q

Amino acid solution (parenteral)

A

4 kCal/gram

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15
Q

Intralipid (parenteral)

A

ILE 10% = 1.1 kcal/gram
ILE 20% = 2.0 kcal/gram
ILE 30% = 3.0 kcal/gram

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16
Q

Determining fluid needs

A

when weight > 20 kg: 1,500 mL + (20 mL) (weight in kg - 20)
can estimate using 30-40 mL/kg/day

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17
Q

Total energy expenditure

A

BEE * activity factor * stress factor

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18
Q

Grams of nitrogen from protein

A

protein intake/6.25

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19
Q

Corrected Calcium
when albumin < 3.5 & not needed with ionized Ca2+

A

Ca (reported) + [(4 - albumin) * (0.8)]

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20
Q

BMI calculation

A

[weight (lb) / height (inches)^2] * 703

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21
Q

IBW (males)

A

50 kg + [(2.3 kg)*(number of inches over 5 feet)]

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22
Q

IBW (females)

A

45.5 kg + [(2.3 kg)*(number of inches over 5 feet)]

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23
Q

AdjBW

A

IBW + 0.4(TBW - IBW)

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24
Q

Which weight to use for drug dosing?

A

Underweight? use TBW
If normal or obese? use TBW for most drugs

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25
Q

Which drugs would you use IBW to dose?

A

Acyclovir, Aminophylline, LT4, Theophylline (normal weight or obese)

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26
Q

Which drug would you use AdjBW to dose?

A

aminoglycosides (obese)

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27
Q

Dehydration

A

BUN/SCr ratio > 20:1

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28
Q

pH < 7.35

A

acidosis

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29
Q

pH > 7.45

A

alkalosis

30
Q

Anion gap

A

Na - Cl - HCO3

31
Q

Absolute Neutrophil Count

A

WBC * [(% segs + % bands)/100]

32
Q

degrees celsius from farenheight

A

(F - 32) /18

33
Q

Farenheight from degrees celsius

A

(C * 1.8) + 32

34
Q

Insulin-to-carb ratio (regular insulin)

A

Rule of 450
450/TDD of insulin = grams of carb covered by 1 unit of regular insulin

35
Q

Insulin-to-carb ratio (rapid-acting insulin)

A

Rule of 500
500/TDD of insulin = grams of carb covered by 1 unit of rapid insulin

36
Q

Correction factor (regular insulin)

A

rule of 1,500
1,500/TDD of insulin = correction factor for 1 unit of regular insulin

37
Q

Correction factor (rapid acting insulin)

A

rule of 1,800
1,800/TDD of insulin = correction factor for 1 unit of rapid insulin

38
Q

Initiating Basal-Bolus insulin in T1DM

A
  1. Calculate TDD using 0.5 units/kg/day using TBW
  2. Divide into 1/2 basal & 1/2 bolus. If using NPH/R, use 2/3 & 1/3
  3. Split rapid acting among meals
39
Q

Correction dose

A

[(blood glucose now) - (target blood glucose)]/correction factor

40
Q

Friedewald equations

A

LDL = TC - HDL - (TG/5) Do not use if TG > 400

41
Q

Vd

A

amount of drug in body/concentration of drug in plasma

42
Q

Cl

A

(F*dose)/AUC or Ke * Vd

43
Q

elimination rate constant (Ke)

A

Cl/Vd

44
Q

Half-life

A

0.693/Ke

45
Q

Loading dose

A

(desired conc. * Vd) / F

46
Q

MAP

A

[(2x diastolic pressure) + systolic pressure] / 3

47
Q

phenytoin (total) correct for low albumin < 3.5

A

total phenytoin / (0.2*albumin) + 0.1

48
Q

KCl solution to tablets

A

KCl 10% = 20 mEq/15 mL

49
Q

Calcium salts

A

Calcium carbonate = 40% elemental Ca++
Calcium citrate = 21% elemental Ca++

50
Q

Aminophylline to Theophylline

A

multiply by 0.8 ATM

51
Q

Statins

A

pitavastatin 2 mg = rosuvastatin 5mg = atorvastatin 10mg = simvastatin 20mg = lovastatin 40mg = pravastatin 40mg = fluvastatin 80mg

52
Q

metoprolol IV to PO

A

1:2.5

53
Q

Loops (dose conversion)

A

Ethacrynic acid 50mg = furosomide 40mg = Torsemide 20mg = bumex 1mg

54
Q

Loops (IV to PO)

A

Lasix: 1:2 & everything else 1:1

55
Q

Iron, elemental

A

Ferrous sulfate = 20% elemental iron (e.g. 325 * 0.20 = 65mg)

56
Q

Insulin (dose conversion)

A

usually 1:1
Exceptions:
- NPH dosed BID –> glargine dosed daily, use 80% of NPH
- Toujeo –> other forms of glargine or detemir, use 80% of Toujeo

57
Q

LT4 IV to PO

A

0.75:1

58
Q

Steroids (dose conversion)

A

cortisone 25mg = hydrocortisone 20mg = prednisone 5mg = prednisolone 5mg = methylprednisolone 4mg = triamcinolone 4mg = dexamethasone 0.75mg = betamethasone 0.6mg

59
Q

Lithium (syrup to lithium carbonate)

A

5 mL lithium citrate syrup = 300mg lithium carbonate = 8mEq Li+ ion

60
Q

mols

A

g/MW

61
Q

mmols

A

mg/MW

62
Q

mEq

A

(mg*valence)/MW OR
mmols * valence

63
Q

Time to burn (TBB)

A

TBB (with sunscreen in min) = SPF * TTB (without sunscreen)

64
Q

Risk

A

(# of subjects in group with unfavorable event)/(total # of subjects in group)

65
Q

RR

A

(Risk in treatment group)/(Risk in control group)

66
Q

RRR

A

(% risk in control group - % risk in treatment group)/% risk in control group

67
Q

OR

A

AD/BC

68
Q

Incremental cost ratio

A

(C2-C1)/(E2-E1)

69
Q

Minimum weighable quantity (MWQ)

A

Sensitivity requirement/Acceptable error rate (usually 0.05)

70
Q
A

Required formula (8 decks)

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