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A Level Chemistry > Formulae, Equations and Amounts of Substance > Flashcards

Formulae, Equations and Amounts of Substance Flashcards

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1
Q

Equation for calculating RAM:

A

RAM = Mass/Moles

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2
Q

Equation for calculating number of particles in a sample:

A

No. particles = Amount in moles x Avagadro Constant

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3
Q

What is the value of the Avagadro Constant?

A

6.02x10^23 mol^1

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4
Q

What is the SI unit for amount of substance?

A

The mole (mol).

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5
Q

How do you work out empirical formulae of a compound?

A

work out the number of moles that are in that analysis of each element then work out the ratio of these moles to each other.

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6
Q

What is empirical formula?

A

The simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound.

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7
Q

What can Easy Moles R Magic be used to find?

A

The unknown mass in a reaction>

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8
Q

The E in Easy stands for what?

A

Balanced symbol equation.

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9
Q

The M in Moles stands for what?

A

Calculate the number of moles of the known substance.

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10
Q

What does the R stand for?

A

Use the balanced symbol equation to find the reacting ratio.

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11
Q

What does the M in Magic stand for?

A

Magic! Use the reacting ratio to calculate the moles of unknown substance, then use its RFM and moles to find its mass.

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12
Q

The volume of a sample of gas depends on what three things?

A

The temperature, T.
The pressure, p.
The amount of gas in moles, n.

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13
Q

An “ideal gas” does what perfectly?

A

Obeys the gas laws.

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14
Q

Gases that behave like ideal gases in lab conditions have what kind of boiling points?

A

Boiling points well below room temperature.

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15
Q

Ideal gas equation:

A

pV=nRT

Where:
p is pressure in Pa
V is volume in m^3
n is amount of substance in mol
R is ideal gas constant in Jmol^-1K^-1
t is temperature in K
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16
Q

What is the value of the idea gas constant?

A

8.31 Jmol^-1K^-1

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17
Q

The ideal gas equation shows that at a fixed temperature and pressure the volume of gas only depends on what?

A

The amount of the gas in moles.

18
Q

One mole of gas occupies how much space at room temperature?

A

24dm^3

19
Q

Concentration of solution is what?

A

How much solute is dissolved in a certain volume of solvent.

20
Q

Concentration of solution is measured in what?

A

moldm^-3

21
Q

What is yield?

A

Yield is the amount of product you get in a chemical reaction.

22
Q

What is percentage yield?

A

The actual yield divided by the theoretical yield multiplied by 100.

23
Q

What is atom economy?

A

Atom economy is the percentage of desired product that ends up in the final products.

24
Q

How is atom economy calculated?

A

Molar mass of desired product divided by sum of molar masses of all products multiplied by 100.

25
Q

To use the idea gas equation pressure must be in what unit?

A

Pa, pascals.

26
Q

100kPa is how many Pa?

A

100000 Pa.

27
Q

To use the idea gas equation volume must be in what unit?

A

m^3, metres cubed.

28
Q

To use the ideal gas equation amount of substance must be in what unit?

A

mol, moles.

29
Q

What is the unit for the ideal gas constant?

A

Jmol^-1K^-1, joules per mole per kelvin.

30
Q

In order to use the ideal gas equation temperature must be measured in what?

A

K, Kelvin.

31
Q

What value must you add to convert Celsius to Kelvin?

A

273

32
Q

What is 1 atm in Pa?

A

101,325 Pa

33
Q

What is room temperature quoted as in K.

A

298 K.

34
Q

An anion is what?

A

A negatively charged ion.

35
Q

Test for halide ions:

A

Add silver nitrate to halide and a precipitate is produced.
Silver chloride is white.
Silver bromide is cream.
Silver iodide is yellow.

36
Q

Test for sulphate ions:

A

Add HCl to react with carbonate impurities first.

Add a barium salt (soluble) and a white precipitate (barium sulphate) forms.

37
Q

Oxidation is…

A

…loss of electrons.

38
Q

Reduction is…

A

…gaining electrons.

39
Q

What happens to a reducing agent?

A

It gets oxidised.

40
Q

What happens to an oxidising agent?

A

It gets reduced.

A Level Chemistry (13 decks)

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