formulae and chemical equations Flashcards
what type of elements are involved in an ionic compound?
a metal and at least one non-metal
what type of elements are involved in a covalent compound?
two or more non-metals
what is the ending of a compound containing just 2 elements?
-ide (including compounds containing a hydroxide ion)
what type of compounds end in an -ate?
- compounds that contain more than 2 elements
- one of which is oxygen
what is the name of the formula MgSO4?
magnesuim sulfate
what is the name of the formula KCl?
potassium chloride
silver ion
Ag+
lithium ion
Li+
nitrate ion
NO3-
sulfide (or sulphide) ion
S2-
carbonate ion
CO32-
what are the charges of the ions in group 1,2,3,5,6,7 and 0?
group1 = +1
group2 = +2
group3 = +3
group5 = -3
group6 = -2
group7 = -1
group0 = 0
how would you work out the formula for sodium nitrate?
— Na+ and NO3-»_space; the charges cancel
— the formula is NaNO3
how would you work out the formula for aluminium sulfate?
— Al3+ and SO42-»_space; these charges do NOT cancel
— the formula is Al2(SO4)3
what are the prefixes from (1-6)?
1 = mono
2 = di
3 = tri
4 = tetra
5 = penta
6 = hexa
ammonia
NH3
what are all the diatomic elements?
- H2
- O2
- N2
- Cl2
- I2
- Br2
- F2
what is the formula for phosphorus (V) oxide?
P2O5
what is the law of conservation of mass?
in a chemical reaction mass cannot be created nor destroyed (the total mass on one side of an equation must be the same as the total mass on the other side)
what does the state symbol aq represent?
aqueous (in a solution with water)
which two elements are liquid in the periodic table?
mercury and bromine
which elements are gases in the periodic table?
- all the noble gases
- plus hydrogen , nitrogen , oxygen , fluorine and chlorine
which type of substances are all aqueous?
acids
how do you work out the relative formula mass of an atom? (Mr)
by adding together the relative atomic masses of the atoms in the formula
