Elements , Compounds And Atoms

Question 1

What is an element?

Answer 1

A substance made up of only one type of atom that cannot be broken down into anything simpler

Question 2

What is a compound?

Answer 2

A substance containing two or more elements that are chemically bonded together in a fixed ratio

Question 3

What is a mixture?

Answer 3

A substance containing two or more elements or compounds not chemically combined

Question 4

What is a molecule?

Answer 4

A group or two or more atoms that are of the same or different element chemically bonded together

Question 5

Is Na an element or a compound ?

Answer 5

Element

Question 6

What is an electron ?

Answer 6

A subatomic particle found in shells around the nucleus

Question 7

What are the characteristics of an element?

Answer 7

-negatively charged
-mass of virtually 0
-found in shells
-can be lost or gained in reactions

Question 8

What is an atom?

Answer 8

The smallest part of a substance that cannot be broken down chemically

Question 9

What is an ion?

Answer 9

An atom or a group of atoms that has a negative charge

Question 10

List the different properties of metal

Answer 10

-shiny
-high melting point
-malleable
-ductile
-good electrical conductors
-good thermal conductors

Question 11

What is the relative mass and relative charge of a proton?

Answer 11

Relative mass = 1
Relative charge = +1

Question 12

What is the relative mass and relative charge of a neutron?

Answer 12

Relative mass = 1
Relative charge = 0

Question 13

What is the relative mass and relative charge of a neutron?

Answer 13

Relative mass = 1
Relative charge = 0

Question 14

What is the relative mass and relative charge of an electron?

Answer 14

Relative mass = approx 0
Relative charge = -1

Question 15

What is the atomic number?

Answer 15

The number of protons and electrons in an atom

Question 16

What is the mass number?

Answer 16

The sum of the protons and neutrons

Question 17

What did James Chadwick discover?

Answer 17

Neutrons

Question 18

Describe the plum pudding model

Answer 18

The plum pudding model is the idea that an atom is a sphere of positive charge with negatively charged electrons in it

Question 19

What did Niels Bohr discover?

Answer 19

Electron shells (energy levels)

Question 20

What did Ernest Rutherford discover?

Answer 20

The nuclear model - atoms have a tiny positive nucleus

Question 21

What are isotopes?

Answer 21

Isotopes are atoms of the same element which have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

Question 22

What is the relative atomic mass?

Answer 22

The average mass of an atom

Question 23

How do work out the relative atomic mass?

Answer 23

By multiplying the mass number of the isotopes with its abundance and dividing it by 100

Question 24

What is the electron arrangement in the energy levels (shells)

Answer 24

2,8,8

Question 25

What is the group number equal to?

Answer 25

The numbers of electrons in the outer shell

Question 26

What is the period number equal to?

Answer 26

The number of shells

Question 27

Which group in the periodic table contains the most reactive metals?

Answer 27

Group 1

Question 28

What group of the periodic table contains the most reactive non- metals?

Answer 28

Group 7

Question 29

What are elements in group 7 called?

Answer 29

Halogens

Question 30

What are elements in group 0 called and how does their reactivity change?

Answer 30

Noble gases

They only have to gain one electron to gain an outer shell