forms of expression Flashcards
ARCHITECTURE
what does church mean
house of the lord
what was the reformation
a time when the authority of the pope was challenged
what are intercessions
prayers on behalf of others
sowa for church architecture
you learn your faith through the chuch building
why is a church building so important (2)
it is a place where catholic community gathers in one place to celebrate mass
it is the house of God
why were so many churches in UK built after 1829
because it is after the reformation when it was illegal to be a Catholic
how does church design reflect catholic belief (6)
the church faces the east which reminds us of the resurrection as the sun rises in the east
built in the shape of a cross to remind us he died for us
built in shape of a circle reminds us god has no beginning or end
built in shape of octogen shape of a star to remind us of the nativity
vaulted ceilings - gives us contact to heaven brings us closer to God
stained glass are stories from the bible which would help people when most couldn’t read
what are the different ways churches are used (6)
worship - celebrate mass
celebrate sacraments
private prayer - open all day place of calm and comfort
pray in front of blessed sacrament - feel closer to God
light candles in front of a statue for personal prayer and petitions
public prayer - feel part of a community
CHURCH FEATURES
what is salvation
saved from sin returning to god
what is redemption
forgiveness from sin
what is the alter
what does it represent
focal point of mass reminds us of last supper
reminds us of Jesus’ sacrifice and the possibility of salvation
what is the tabinacle why is it important
where concecrated host is kept
we genuflect and keep a lit candle by it
10 commandments were kept in a tabernacle and so shows links to covenants
what is lectern - why is it important
where readings are proclaimed
liturgy of the word is an important part where priest shares communicates God’s message
what is a crucifix what does it remind us of
a cross with the image of jesus
reminds us of his sacrifice
can be focus of prayer
constant reminder of salvation
SOWA
the alter is the table of the lord
what are the 4 mani internal features of a church
lectern, alter, crucfix tabernacle
name other feature common in church
stations of the cross -15 images of the passion
stature- visual aids for prayer
font - holy water at the entrance reminds us of baptism
why do internal features matter (3)
1 it is the house of the lord so what is inside is as important as outside .
2 They remind us of key teachings and beliefs - salvation, redemption, reconcilliation
3 act as aids to worship and provide a focus
then all individual things above
SACRED OBJECTS
what is a paten
plate for large eucharist in mass
what is a chalice
cup for the wine
what is a ciborium
covered dish holds rest of hosts
what is a sarcophagi
stone box for a dead body
what is consecration
declaration when bread and wine become body and blood
what is transubstanciation
when bread and wine through power of holy spirit become body and blood
what are intersessions
prayers for someone else
SOWA
a cross, images of Jesus, Mary, Angels and Saints are to be exhibited in holy churches
what is the definition of a sacred object
something that a church uses in liturgy
can also be relics and objects to aid devotion eg candles and rosary
why does the church use sacred vessels
have holy images on them so a reminder of belief
play an important part in mass
aid worship
name 3 sacred vessels used in mass
why are they significant
chalice paten ciborium
1 used during concecration and transubstanciation
2 visable sign of concecration
3 universally recognisable symbols
items used during mass that are not sacred
cloths used to clean and cover chalice
books missal
vestments - priests outer clothes
what are hunger cloths
used in middle ages to cover the alter in Lent- had images of bible stories for those who could not read - still used in developing countries
how are sacred objects used
signify importance of eucharist
teach bible stories
universal symbol of consecration
ciborium is most important sacred vessel
sacred objects do not aid worship they distract
ARTWORK
what is a fresco
painting on plaster
what is iconoclasm
destroying religious art for political reasons
what is blasphemy
speaking or doing something disrespectful to God
what are icons
paintings of religious figures
SOWA
sacred art is true and beautiful when evoking and gloryifying faith
what is the meaning and significance of artwork for catholics (3)
it is an expression of faith
helps artist and viewer understand teachings
expresses artists belief
4 examples of religious artwork
drawings frescoes murals mosaics
what is the history of art in the catholic church
have been arguments about should it be allowed as some believe it breaks 4th commandment so many were destroyed in 8th century as they thought blasphemous
second nicea council decided icons should be allowed so all artwork was allowed
this was overturned during reformation protestants tore down all imagery
why is artwork important to Catholics (4)
used first when people couldn’t read or write
allows more access to faith
helps us to remember and revisit stories
aids discussion
it is universal
should artwork only be used in churches
should not be just used in churches but displayed appropriatly in homes schools museums and public places allowing for private devotion
3 examples of artwork
return of prodical son by Rembrant - helps to discuss meaning of the parable
Nativity by Botticelli - demonstrates peace olive branch at Jesus birth
creation of Adam by Michelangelo - God and Abraham reaching out to each other no touching - the gap is our free will
SCULPTURE AND STATUES
what is council of Trent what did they say about statues
it is a council where catholics clarified the importance/relevance of statues
made it clear statues were not to be worshipped, used to homour and show adoration and used to aid prayer
what is idolatry
worship of false gods
SOWA
in old Testament God commanded statues should be made
what is the meaning and significance of sculpture and statues (4)
refelect human talent and beliefs
tells history of faith across the world
used as a teaching tool help remember stories
help to focus prayer
reminder of faith in our daily life
what is significant about statues being sacred
they cant just be got rid of as they are dedicated to God
when no longer useful they must be buried
how can sculptures be used
help to focus prayer and meditation
help to connect with jesus and saints
having statues in the home ensure religion plays a part in their daily life
SYMBOLISM AND IMAGERY IN ART
what is evangelism
spreading God’s word through your words and actions
what is alpha and omega
fist and last
SOWA
I am the alpha and omega the first and the last the beginning and the end
what are symbols
images used to represent something else
why were symbols and imagery used in the catholic church (3)
it was illegal to worship God until 313 so christians used symbols to practise their faith in secret
symbols were only recognised by other christians so helped to detect non believers
they were an outward sign of belief
name 7 religious symbols
cross-
fish
eagle
chirho
dove
alpha
evangilists
significance of cross/cucifix (5)
most common symbol
reminds us of Jesus death
reminds us of salvation and ressurection
it is a focus for prayer
worn as an outward sign of belief
significance of fish (4)
symbol used in secret by christians as it was less obvious than a cross
it means Jesus Christ son of god saviour - in greek letters spell fish
reinforces belief fishermen were apostles
reminds us feeding of 5000
significance of eagle (4)
demonstrates divine nature of God
teaches if you wait for God you will be given wings
reminder of evangilist John
demonstrates Jesus strength and power
chi rho
XP 1st 2 letters of christ in Greek
used by romans when they becam christians
it is on paschal candle and priests vestments
dove
symbol of holy spirit and baptism of jesus
represents hope like in Noahs story
seen as a symbol of peace by all
alpha and omega
1st and last letters of greek alphabet
represent gods eternity
links to scriptures
decorated alters
evangelists
4 writers of the gospels linked to an animal
Mathew a human
Mark a lion
Luke an ox
john an eagle
used on lecturns and to decorate alters
eagle
symbol of jesus divine nature and symbol of john
DRAMA
what is a tableaux
still images to music to demonstrate a biblical story
what are passion plays
act out the trial suffering and death of jesus
what are mystery plays
plays to act out biblical stories
SOWA
through words and actions drama engages the heart
why is drama a positive way for people to engage
people enjoy watching it
brings stories to life and helps people to remember them
bring communities together to put on play
how can drama be used by church
dramatic moments and bible stories cn be acted out
allows everyone to be involved and to understand scripture
how are mystery or muricle plays usually performed
as a tableux
what did 1210 pope do
banned clergy from taking part in these plays so put on touring companies who moved from town to town
what happened in 1534
was this the case everywhere
when did they become popular again
where did they happen
plays banned in England as seen as disrespectful
no still popular in Europe
1950’s
York
what changes happened to passion plays and why
they were originally in Latin so changed into local language so all could understand and take part
why did passion plays stop
reformation
give an example of a passion play
Oberammergau in Germany - largest passion play in Europe
world famous
example of evangalism
how does drama express belief (7)
brings bible stories to life
people in play see it as an act of worship
it shows actors devotion
brings community together to put on a play
some modernise the scripture to keep it relevant
drama has more impact than reading
and helps to remember
MUSIC
what is traditional music
been around for a long time - psalms and hymns
what is a charismatic movement
type of christian worship includes dance
which parts of liturgy can be sung
kyrie gloria hymns and psalm
what is a hymn
religious song shows prayer and adoration
what is responsorial psalm
chant said in parts that has a response repeated by congregation
SOWA
he who sings prayers twice
why do we have music in church or how does music help express our belief
church encourages use of music to worship and adore it
congregation worships together
helps people of all ages to engage with their faith
helps us to understand and remember teachings
adds variety to worship
when are hymns sung in mass and how are they chosen
entrance offertry communion recession - linked to liturgical year and readings
what is plainchant- give an example
first type of music allowed in church a chant with no music
gregorian chant
what are psalms
words from old testament - remind us of our history
what is contemporary music
modern lively takes inspiration from pop it attracts younger people
