formative questions - learn well Flashcards
are mucosal membranes highly specialised for function?
yes
what is a strain of MRSA which causes NF?
PVL
impetigo like mark around the mouth are described as being a …
vesicle
is a macule raised or flat?
flat
what is a macule described as
an area of skin discolouration
when do sweat glands develop
6 months gestation
which cells migrate from the skin to the neural crest
melanocytes
which layer is most metabolically active
basal
which percentage of GP consultations are derm realted
19%
boy with type 1 skin - skin but red in sun, crying and rubbing skin
erythropoietic protoporphyria
definition of impeding
enables organism to avoid host defence mechanism
definition on modulin
causes damage to host indirectly
definition of aggressin
causes damage to host directly
which cells carry out vit d metabolism
keratinocytes
which part is responsible for energy strorage
subcutaneous fat
which component is responsible for tensile strength
collagen
which cells are responsible for epidermal proliferation
basal cells
when does erythropoietic protoporphyria present
early childhood
what are the symptoms of EP
discomfort
itch
tingling in sun exposed skin
no clinical signs
what is the deficiency of EP And what does it cause build up of
ferrochelastase
protoporphyrin IX
what is the lunula
white crescent moon part of nail
its the visible part of the root of the nail
what is the hyponychium
the bit underlying the free part of the nail
where are langerhan cells formed
bone marrow
deficiency in AIP and what does it result in
porphobilinogen deaminase
results in acute neurotoxic reaction in many tissues
what are the commonest sweat glands on the face
eccrine glands
which glands control temperature regulation
eccrine glands
which glands are involved in sent
apocrine glands
where are keratinocytes confined to
the epidermis
are topical steroids lipophilic or phobic and what does this allow?
lipophilic - this allows passive diffusion across the plasma membrane where they combine with cell receptors and bind to steroid responsive elements in the DNA
which layer has big dips in it
prickle cell layer
which layer has odland bodies
granular layer
which layer has polyhedral cells with lots of desmosomes
prickle cell layer
hair growing on cheeks?
PCT
how many days does it take for cells to migrate from the basal layer to keratin layer
28 days
when are nuclei lost
starts in granular layer and completed in keratin layer
what percent of the keratin layer is made from keratin and fillagrin
80%
how many cells thick is the granular layer
2-3
definition of lichenification
when the skin becomes thick and rubbery as a result of scratching
tinea cruris
groin
tinea unguium
nails
definition of cream
semisolid emulsion of oil in water, containing preservative
definition of gel
thickened aqueous solution
tuberose sclerosis inheritance pattern
autosomal dominant
rosacea relationship to sebaceous glands?
hyperplasia but sebum excretion is normal
who does rosace affect
commoner in women but more severe in men
HPV warts/verucas types
1-4
HPV types for genital warts
6 +11
HPV for cervical cancer
16 + 18
why are creams more likely to cause an allergic reaction than ointments?
they contain preservatives
where are arterial ulcers seen
occur on the foot or the mid shin
where are pressure ulcers seen
affect the area of skin in contact with the source of pressure e.g. a bed = sacrum, heels, ischaea, greater trochanters
where are venous ulcers seen
lateral or medial malleolus
what is the definition of anchoring
the tendency to perceptually lock onto salient features in the patients initial presentation too early int he diagnostic process, and failing to adjust this initial impression in the light of later information
what is the definition of avaliability
the disposition to judge things as becoming more likely or frequently occurring, if they readily come to mind
