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Lottie's DPD 2 > Formative Feedback > Flashcards

Formative Feedback Flashcards

1
Q

L sided scrotal pain, radiating to abdo. L side is swollen, tender and lying high in scrotum. Dx?

A

Testicular torsion

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2
Q

How do you differentiate between torsion and epididymitis?

A

Physical exam - torsion has high riding testicle

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3
Q

Painful L lower leg swelling. 26 weeks pregnant. Marginally raised CRP, normal WCC. First Ix?

A

Doppler USS lower limb

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4
Q

Why does a marginally raised CRP eliminate cellulitis?

A

Cellulitis will have REALLY raised CRP eg >50

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5
Q

Why is D dimer not measured for DVT in pregnancy?

A

D dimer is raised in pregnancy anyway

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6
Q

PE Ix?

A

V/Q scan

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7
Q

Pt with meningism. CSF microscopy shows segmented neutrophils and gram negative diplococci. Causative organism?

A

Neisseria meningitidis

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8
Q

What is the most common cause of meningitis in young people?

A

Neisseria meningitidis

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9
Q

How does TB meningitis differ from normal?

A

More lymphocytes in CSF in TB

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10
Q

Memory problems gradually, with big decline in last 4 weeks. Cries for no reason. Has episodes of not being able to speak properly. HTN.
O/E increased tone in R arm, low MMSE
CT show white matter hypodensities. Dx?

A

Vascular dementia

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11
Q

Classic feature of Lewy body dementia?

A

Hallucinations

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12
Q

What are CT hypodensities in vascular dementia?

A

Mini infarcts

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13
Q

Zig-zagging and flashing lights in both eyes + headaches. 2-3 times a month, 30 mins at a time. Associated w N&V. Vision affected in each attack but then returns to normal. Dx?

A

Migraine

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14
Q

What is PC of retinal detachment?

A

Loss of vision

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15
Q

Collapse, left hemianopia, left facial palsy, expressive dysphasia, L sided motor loss and weakness. Most likely artery affected?

A

Right middle cerebral artery

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16
Q

When is speech affected in stroke?

A

When the stroke is in the dominant hemisphere

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17
Q

Epigastric pain radiating to back + vomiting. ++ETOH. Normal CXR.
O/E raised amylase, mildly raised ALT&AST. Dx?

A

Pancreatitis

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18
Q

Dyspepsia, 3 month Hx of weight loss & fatigue.

O/E low MCV, low Hb. Best Ix?

A

OGD

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19
Q

Unable to walk and not passed urine for 8 hours. PMH carcinoma of prostate with bone mets. Red flag Dx to exclude?

A

Cauda equina compression

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20
Q

Malaise and fatigue. Koilonychia but normal cardio exam. Dx?

A

Iron deficiency anaemia

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21
Q 
Abdo pain and vomitting. 
ABG: 
pH 7.23 
pCO2 low 
HCO3 low 
Glucose ++++
Next Ix to reach diagnosis?
A

Capillary ketones

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22
Q

Why is ABG not the best Ix to do with DKA?

A

VBG gives the same info and is much less painful

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23
Q

Constipation, backache and abdo pain. 4 week Hx of urinary frequency, malaise and weight loss.
Ix: high Ca, high creatinine & urea. Low PTH. Dx?

A

Multiple myeloma

24
Q

How do you differentiate between myeloma and malignancy?

A

In myeloma, ALP is NORMAL

In cancer, ALP is HIGH

25
Sx of multiple myeloma?
CRAB | Constipation, renal, anaemia, bone
26
Sx of hypercalcaemia?
Stones, bones, thrones, abdo moans, psychic groans,
27
Causes of peripheral oedema
Nephrotic syndrome | Heart failure
28
Causes of nephrotic syndrome?
Amyloidosis DM Myeloma light chains
29
Which condition is linked to RA?
Amyloidosis
30
Urine dip results of glomerulonephritis?
++ blood and ++ protein
31
2 hour Hx of sudden onset arm weakness an L sided arm weakness. Cap glucose, FBC and clotting normal. Next Ix?
CT head
32
Why is is important to check blood glucose before you thrombolyse someone with suspected stroke?
Hypoglycaemia is a DDx !!
33
Best Ix for osteoporosis?
DEXA scan
34
Wrist fracture in RA?
Colles / fragility fracture
35
Severe epigastric pain. No alcohol Hx. Diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. Most likely cause of his pancreatitis?
Gallstones
36
Itchy vesicular rash on extensor surfaces of elbows/knees, diagnosed as coeliac. What is the name of the rash?
Dermatitis herpetiformis
37
Multiple neurofibromas. 8 large brown macules on torso with axillary freckling. Mode of inheritance?
Autosomal dominance
38
Red eye. 2 weeks of swelling of fingers, painful swollen right ankle and left knee. Pain on passing urine. 2 weeks ago he had diarrhoea. Mouth ulcers, scaly brown maculopapular rash on soles of feet. Dx?
Reactive arthritis
39
81 year old woman. 2 days of dysuria and frequency. O/E ++ nitrates, leukocytes. Most common causative organism?
E.Coli
40
What is a common cause of community acquired UTI?
Staph saprophyticus
41
PMH: UC. Has nausea and jaundice, but no abdo pain. | Raised AST, ALP, BR. Dx?
Primary sclerosing cholangitis
42
6 weeks of fatigue. PMH: CKD, DM, HTN. O/E: conjunctival pallor. Low Hb, normal MCV. Dx?
Erythropoeitin deficiency (due to CKD)
43
Uni student with sore throat. | O/E: Bilateral grey exudates covering both tonsils. Splenomegaly. Dx?
Infectious mononucleosis
44
Sx of measles?
Runny nose, koplik spots (grey spots on inside cheeks), fever, sore red eyes
45
Asthma which is waking him at night. Takes low dose ICS and SABA 5 times a day. Next step of Mx?
Add LTRA
46
Does tonsillitis cause splenomegaly?
No
47
Sound of mitral regurg?
Pansystolic murmur
48
Sound of mitral stenosis?
Mid diastolic murmur
49
Sound of aortic regurg?
Early diastolic murmur
50
ST elevation in II, II, aVF. Artery occluded?
R coronary artery
51
Man with nocturia, weak stream, terminal dribbling. DRE shows enlarged prostate with preservation of median sulcus. O/E: low PSA. Next Ix?
Tamsulosin
52
Central chest pain, relieved by leaning forward. Flu 2 weeks ago. Pericardial rub on auscultation. ECG changes?
Saddle ST elevation
53
What is oxybutynin used for?
Incontinence
54
How does oxybutynin work?
Muscarinic antagonist
55
Palpitations. No p wave on ECG, with irregular pattern. Dx?
AF
56
Wolff Parkinson White syndrome. ECG changes?
Short PR with slurred upstroke.
57
Pain and tenderness in LIF. N&V with hard stools. Fever. Has had the pain before. Dx?
Diverticulitis

Lottie's DPD 2 (10 decks)

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