Formative Exam Flashcards
With regards to General Sales List Drugs
A: Their sales is restricted to pharmacies
B: They can be bought in some supermarkets
C: They require a prescription written by an appropriate practitioner before they can be supplied by pharmacist
D: Include controlled drug
E: Can only be bought by someone over the age of 18
B
With regards to good prescribing practice the following abbreviations are acceptable apart from A. mg for milligrams B. ml for millilitre C. ug for micrograms D. SC for the subcutaneous route E. TOP for the topical route
C
A 57-year-old man with no other medical history is having major abdominal surgery – an open (i.e laparotomy) sigmoid colectomy for bowel cancer.
Which of the following would be a routine part of his anaesthetic care for this type of operation?
A. Continuous ECG monitoring
B. Laryngeal Mask Airway
C. No oral fluids for 12 hours pre-operatively
D. Planned admission to Intensive Care post-operatively
E. Spinal Anaesthesia
A
A 65-year-old woman is admitted for planned gynaecological surgery (a vaginal hysterectomy). She has a steroid inhaler for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease secondary to smoking.
Which of the following would be likely to give the most information about the severity of this patient’s lung disease with regards to her fitness for anaesthesia?
A. A recent chest X-Ray B. Auscultation of her chest C. Detailed information about her tobacco intake D. Her dose of inhaled steroid E. Her exercise tolerance
E
5A 75-year-old man with a background of COPD presents electively for a total right knee replacement. It is decided to perform a baseline arterial blood gas as part of his pre-operative assessment.
What pattern would be consistent with chronic respiratory failure?
A. High PaCO2, High PaO2, High HCO3
B. High PaCO2, Low PaO2, High HCO3
C. High PaCO2, Low PaO2, Low HCO3
D. Low PaCO2, Low PaO2, High HCO3
E. Low PaCO2, Low PaO2, Low HCO3
B
A 35-year-old man presents for elective inguinal hernia repair. It is decided to commence a Non Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID).
Which if the following is true regarding the prescription of NSAIDS?
A. Asthma is an absolute contraindication
B. Concurrent paracetamol consumption is not advised
C. Diclofenac is preferable to Ibuprofen if the patient is being treated for a peptic ulcer
D. Oral is the only method of administration
E. Renal impairment is a contraindication
E
A 12-month-old boy is admitted with presumed bacterial sepsis and is electively intubated to facilitate intensive care transfer. The anaesthetist uses Suxamethonium to facilitate intubation.
Which of the following is true regarding this drug?
A. It is a non-depolarising neuromuscular blocker
B. It provides effective post-operative analgesia
C. It has a long duration of action (>20 minutes)
D. It prevents opening of sodium channels
E. It has a very rapid on-set
E
8A 77-year-old man presents with confusion. Which of these clinical features is one of the diagnostic criteria for delirium? A. Aggression B. Altered conscious level C. Gait disturbance D. Gradual onset of confusion E. Hallucinations
B
. A man presents with a year’s history of worsening memory. His wife states that there has been a gradual decline, and he is now also developing problems with daily tasks such as getting washed and dressed. Blood tests have been normal, and physical examination is unremarkable. What is the most likely diagnosis? A. Alzheimer’s disease B. Delirium C. Dementia with Lewy bodies D. Normal pressure hydrocephalus E. Vascular dementia
A
11An 88-year-old woman presents to the Emergency Department following a witnessed fall in a nursing home. She had risen from her chair to go to the toilet when she went pale and collapsed to the ground. A pulse rate of 50 was noted by the attending nurse. She was conversing appropriately around 10 minutes later. She recalled nausea and blurred vision before the event. Further questioning identified a 5 day history of non-bloody diarrhoea.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Epileptic seizure B. Guillain Barre Syndrome C. Orthostatic syncope D. Paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia E. Transient ischemic attack
C
A 65-year-old nulliparous woman presents to primary care with urinary incontinence. She typically has a sudden urge to pass urine straight away and is incontinent if unable to immediately access a toilet. This is most problematic in unfamiliar public places.
Following appropriate non-pharmacological measures, what would be an appropriate initial pharmacological treatment option?
A: Duloxetine B: Finasteride C: Oxybutinin D: Propanolol E: Tamsulosin
Oxybutinin
An 81-year-old man with a past medical history of hypertension, Parkinson’s disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease presents to the acute admissions unit with chest pain.
What pharmacokinetic factor is true when prescribing in elderly patients?
A; increased albumin binding
B: Increased first past hepatic metabolism
C: Increased renal clearance
D: Reduced distribution volume for fat soluble medication
E: Reduced distribution volume for water soluble medication
E
A diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (gene frequency 1 in 25) is made in a baby on newborn screening. The same parents plan for a second child. What is chance of that child being unaffected with the condition? A. 4% B. 25% C. 50% D. 75% E. 96%
D
1A 50-year-old female presents with ataxia, involuntary limb movements and memory loss. Subsequent questioning reveals that her mother presented with similar symptoms in her 6th decade.
Which of the following is true regarding the genetics of the likely underlying diagnosis?
A. Affected gene located on chromosome 7
B. Autosomal recessive inheritance
C. Expansion of a triplet repeat seen
D. Typical presentation in childhood
E. X-Linked inheritance
C
Of the following, which is not a clinical feature of neurofibromatosis type 1 A.cutaneous neurofibromata B.café-au-lait patches C.learning difficulty D.Colorectal Cancer E.sarcoma
D
