Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ORAL HISTOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY > FORMATION OF THE FACE AND ORAL CAVITY > Flashcards

FORMATION OF THE FACE AND ORAL CAVITY Flashcards

1
Q

It is the crucial development event wherein folding in two planes along the rostro-caudal axis and along the lateral axis occurs.

A

Folding of the embryo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

In the folding of the embryo, it is the first to appear

A

Head fold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

It is produced as a result of craniocaudal elongation caused by the rapidly developing notochord and CNS

A

Head fold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

It is critical to the formation of a primitive stomatodeum/oral cavity for it is through this fold that the ectoderm comes to line the stomatodeum

A

Head fold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

2 IMPORTANT TISSUE STRUCTURES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FACE AND ORAL CAVITY

A

Pharyngeal arches
Neural Crest Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Arise from the 4th week of development as out pocketings of mesoderm on both sides of pharynx

Each has a branch of aorta, cranial nerve, and cartilage bar associated with it.

A

Pharyngeal arches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Specialized cell lineage which originate from the neuroectoderm

Cells enter the pharyngeal arches to help contribute to their derivatives

Migrate throughout the body to form the various structures of relevance to the head and neck

A

Neural Crest Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The depression or the primitive mouth is bounded at this point caudally by?

A

Developing cardiac plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The depression or the primitive mouth is bounded at this point laterally by

A

First pair of pharyngeal/branchial arches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The depression or the primitive mouth is bounded at this point posteriorly by

A

The buccopharyngeal membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Due to the spread of the arches midventrally, It is eliminated from the stomadeum and the floor of the mouth is formed by the epithelium covering the mesenchyme of the first, second, and third branchial arches.

A

cardiac plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Multipotent stromal cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell types

A

Mesenchyme/Mesenchymal Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Variety of cell types of the mesenchyme/mesenchymal cells

A

Osteoblast
Chondrocytes
Myocytes
Adipocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

bone cells

A

Osteoblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

cartilage cells

A

Chondrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

muscle cells

A

Myocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

fat cells which give rise to marrow adipose tissue

A

Adipocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

About 24 days, First branchial arch establishes another process called the _________.

A

maxillary process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The stomatodeum is now limited cranially by:

A

Rapidly expanding forebrain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The stomatodeum is now limited Laterally by:

A

Newly formed maxillary process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The stomatodeum is now limited laterally by:

A

First branchial arch now called the mandibular arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Ruptures, connecting the primitive mouth to primitive gut

A

Buccopharyngeal membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

ectodermal/ tissue bulges outward, first termed as the mandibular arch

A

FIRST PHARYNGEAL ARCH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Mesenchyme divides into ____________ and ____________.

A

dorsal maxillary process and ventral mandibular process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Maxilla, zygoma, palatine, and squamous temporal bones

A

Maxillary process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Becomes ossified to form the malleus and incus

A

Dorsal end of maxillary process (meckel’s cartilage)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

WHAT PHARYNGEAL ARCH?

Musculature
- Muscles of mastication - masseter, temporalis, lateral pterygoid, medial pterygoid
- Anterior belly of digastric
- Mylohyoid
- Tensor tympani
- Tensor palatini

A

FIRST PHARYNGEAL ARCH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

WHAT PHARYNGEAL ARCH?

Cranial nerve component
- Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V)

A

FIRST PHARYNGEAL ARCH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Hyoid arch

A

SECOND PHARYNGEAL ARCH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

WHAT PHARYNGEAL ARCH?

Neural - derived mesenchyme condenses to form a bar of cartilage known as Reichert’s Cartilage

A

SECOND PHARYNGEAL ARCH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

WHAT PHARYNGEAL ARCH?

Gives rise to bony process, stylohyoid ligament and upper part of body and lesser horns of hyoid bone

A

SECOND PHARYNGEAL ARCH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

WHAT PHARYNGEAL ARCH?

Forms facial muscles, vessels, and hyoid bone

A

SECOND PHARYNGEAL ARCH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

WHAT PHARYNGEAL ARCH?

Cranial nerve: Facial Nerve (VII)

A

SECOND PHARYNGEAL ARCH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

WHAT PHARYNGEAL ARCH?

Gives rise to the lower part of the body and greater horns of hyoid bone

A

THIRD PHARYNGEAL ARCH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

WHAT PHARYNGEAL ARCH?

Supply nutrients to tissues

A

THIRD PHARYNGEAL ARCH

34
Q

WHAT PHARYNGEAL ARCH?

Shifts the bloody supply to the face and internal and external carotid vessels

A

THIRD PHARYNGEAL ARCH

35
Q

WHAT PHARYNGEAL ARCH?

Cranial nerve: Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

A

THIRD PHARYNGEAL ARCH

36
Q

WHAT PHARYNGEAL ARCH?

Gives rise to cartilage of larynx

A

FOURTH PHARYNGEAL ARCH

37
Q

WHAT PHARYNGEAL ARCH?

Vagus nerve (X)

A

FOURTH PHARYNGEAL ARCH

38
Q

WHAT PHARYNGEAL POUCH?
Middle ear, eardrum, eustachian tube

A

FIRST PHARYNGEAL POUCHES

39
Q

WHAT PHARYNGEAL POUCH?
Palatine tonsils

A

SECOND PHARYNGEAL POUCH

40
Q

WHAT PHARYNGEAL POUCH?
Expands dorsally and ventrally into two compartments

A

THIRD PHARYNGEAL POUCH

41
Q

WHAT PHARYNGEAL POUCH?

Dorsal component - gives origin to inferior parathyroid glands

A

THIRD PHARYNGEAL POUCH

42
Q

WHAT PHARYNGEAL POUCH?

Ventral component
- with its anatomic counterpart from the opposite side, forms the thymus

A

THIRD PHARYNGEAL POUCH

43
Q

WHAT PHARYNGEAL POUCH?

Dorsal component
- gives origin to superior parathyroid gland

A

FOURTH PHARYNGEAL POUCH

44
Q

WHAT PHARYNGEAL POUCH?

Ventral component
- gives rise to ultimobranchial body, which gives rise to the parafollicular cells of thyroid gland

A

FOURTH PHARYNGEAL POUCH

45
Q

WHAT PHARYNGEAL POUCH?

Rudimentary, either disappears or becomes incorporated into the fourth pouch

A

FIFTH PHARYNGEAL POUCH

46
Q

WHAT BRANCHIAL CLEFT

Deepens to become the external auditory canal leading to the middle ear

The membrane at the depth of this tube becomes the tympanic membrane

A

1st Branchial clef

47
Q

Normally obliterated by the overgrowth of second arch, but sometimes persist as a cervical sinus that may or may not open at the side of the neck

A

Second, third and fourth cleft

48
Q

Are their any branchial clefts seen externally after fifth week

A

No

49
Q

starts to develop between 3rd or 4th week of development

A

Face

50
Q

What week?
- 4mm long

  • Buccopharyngeal membrane ruptures
  • Frontal process of brain bulges forward and laterally to dominate the facial area
  • Immediately below is the mandibular arch, which appears divided or constricted at the midline
A

4th Week

51
Q

WHAT WEEK?
- Expect the base of tongue and facial muscles, which are formed from 2nd and 3rd branchial arches, all of the face and all parts of oral and nasal cavities will develop from the two primary embryonic structures: Frontal process and first branchial arch (mandibular arch)

A

4th Week

52
Q

WHAT WEEK?
- After stomodeum is established, budding of the round process happens on either side of the 1st branchial arch

  • Buds grow upward and medially at the right and left sides of the promotive mouth - these buds are called the maxillary process
A

4TH WEEK

53
Q

WHAT WEEK?

  • Mandibular arch is divided into the maxillary process and mandibular processes
  • After maxillary process are formed, the growth of the lower part of the face is retarded and upper part of the face starts a rapid development
A

4TH WEEK

54
Q

WHAT WEEK?

  • 8-10mm long
  • On the lower border of the frontal process, bilateral olfactory placodes - thickened areas of epithelium, appear on the upper border of the lip
  • With presence of nasal pit, frontal area became known as the fronto-nasal process
A

5TH WEEK

55
Q

WHAT WEEK
- Nasal pits/nostrils continue to grow, deepen into sacs as the tissue around this placode grow

  • Remains separated from the primitive oral cavity by the oronasal membrane
  • Nasal pits divide the frontonasal process into the medial nasal process and the lateral nasal process
A

5TH WEEK

56
Q

WHAT WEEK?
- The frontal prominences diminish and the face broadens

  • Eye becomes prominent on the sides of the head
  • Fusion of medial nasal processes has narrowed the entrance into the nasal pit
A

5TH WEEK

57
Q

WHAT WEEK?
- 10mm long

  • Start of this week, oronasal process ruptures
  • At its lower boarder, median nasal process now grows in length and produces a pair of bulges called the globular processes
  • Forms the philtrum of the lip and premaxilla
A

6TH WEEK

58
Q

WHAT WEEK?

  • Between maxillary process and nasal primordium is a nasolacrimal groove that extends to the developing eye
  • Ectoderm of the floor of the groove thickens to form a solid epithelial cord, which detaches from the cord
  • Epithelial cord undergoes canalization and forms the nasolacrimal duct and near the eye the nasolacrimal sac
A

6TH WEEK

59
Q

WHAT WEEK?

  • Six small hillocks of tissue, the auricular hillocks, grouped around the external ear canal
  • Three of these come from the mandibular arch and three from the second or hyoid arch
A

6TH WEEK

60
Q

WHAT WEEK?

  • Fusion of medial and lateral nasal processes has further narrowed the nostrils
  • Medial nasal process is reduced in relative width
  • Eyes are at the lateral edges of the face
A

6TH WEEK

61
Q

WHAT WEEK?

  • 14mm long
  • Face is more human appearance
  • Because of rapid growth of surrounding areas, slower growing median nasal process becomes relatively more narrow and nasal opening relatively closer together
A

7TH WEEK

62
Q

WHAT WEEK?

  • Two maxillary processes grow forward and merge with the left and right sides of globular processes
  • Globular process forms the center of the upper lip and the maxillary process form the sides of upper lip
A

7TH WEEK

63
Q

WHAT WEEK?

  • On upper median border, maxillary process is beginning to overlap the lateral nasal processes and the median nasal process is firmly attached to the lateral nasal process
  • Closure also occurs at the corners of the mouth between the maxillary processes and mandibular processes
A

7TH WEEK

64
Q

WHAT WEEK?

  • Lateral growth of brain, resulting in facial expansion, causes the eye to appear in front of the face
  • A third of the face has been added laterally to each nostrils
  • Eyes are now on the same horizontal plane as the nostrils, which will change after the bridge of the nose develops and lengthens
A

7TH WEEK

65
Q

WHAT WEEK?

  • Ears at the level below the mouth cleft, which is exceptionally wide
  • Danger of cleft lip has passed
A

7TH WEEK

66
Q

WHAT WEEK?

18-25 mm long
- Front view is low and broad and almost square in outline

  • Nasal septum narrowed further and nose is more prominent
  • Ears are at the level of the mouth cleft which is very wide
A

8TH WEEK

67
Q

WHAT WEEK?
- Lidless eye are on normal position

  • Ridges around the eye will soon develop into eyelids
  • Prominently projecting forehead and pronounced recession of lower jaw
A

8TH WEEK

68
Q

WHAT WEEK?

  • 60 mm long
  • Eyelids are formed and closed
  • Nostrils are closed
  • Maxillo-mandibular relationship is nearly in normal position
  • Face approaches human proportions
A

12TH WEEK

69
Q

WHAT PROMINENCE?

Derivatives:
Forehead, bridge of nose, medial and lateral nasal prominences

A

Frontonasal

70
Q

WHAT PROMINENCE?

Derivatives:
Philtrum, primary palate, upper 4 incisors, and associated jaw

A

Medial nasal

71
Q

WHAT PROMINENCE?

Derivatives:
Sides of the nose

A

Lateral nasal

72
Q

WHAT PROMINENCE?

Derivatives:
Cheeks, lateral upper lip, secondary palate, lateral upper jaw

A

Maxillary (1st pharyngeal arch)

73
Q

WHAT PROMINENCE?

Derivatives:
Lower lip and jaw

A

Mandibular (1st pharyngeal arch

74
Q

Result of non-union of margins of the globular and maxillary process (for the upper lip) and anterior margins of the mandibular process (for lower lip - true median cleft)

A

Cheiloschisis (cleft lip)

75
Q

harelip, lack of fusion between two median nasal process

A

Median cleft lip

76
Q

Slanting cleft, extending from the mouth up to the cheek even reaching the lower eyelid; lack of fusion between maxillary and lateral nasal process

A

Oblique facial cleft

77
Q

Lack of fusion between maxillary processes and median nasal process

A

Bilateral cleft lip

78
Q

Lack of fusion between median nasal process and maxillary process on one side

A

Unilateral cleft lip

79
Q

Abnormally small jaw

A

Micrognathia

80
Q

Abnormally large jaw

A

Macrognathia

81
Q

Congenital absence of either the upper or lower jaw

A

Agnathia

82
Q

Abnormally small mouth due to excessive union of maxillary and mandibular processes

A

Microstomia

83
Q

Complete closure of mouth

A

Astomia

84
Q

Featureless face

A

Aprosopus

ORAL HISTOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions