Formation of Relationships Flashcards
Reward/need satisfaction theory AO2/AO3
. Griffit & Guay 1969 - creative task/rate experimenter MUNDANE REALISM
. A LOTT of cultural bias 1994 - socialization of women to focus on needs of others
. Lab studies
Reward/need satisfaction theory AO1
. Byrne and Clore 1970
(Attracted to those they find rewarding and provide them with their needs, mutual attraction = each partner provides others needs)
. Operant conditioning
(Attracted to those who reward us, eg compliments - presence of certain individuals = directly associated with reinforcement, positive feelings make them seem attractive to us)
. Classical conditioning
(Previously neutral stimulus becomes positively valued due to association with pleasant event)
. Successful relationships develop when positive feelings outweigh negative ones.
Similarity theory AO1
. Byrne, Clore and Smeaton 1986
(Sort potentials, avoid those too different, choose most similar remainder)
. Caspi and Herbener (1990) > similar personalities = > :) married
. Attitude alignment - modify attitudes so more similar
Similarity theory AO2/AO3
. Dissimilarity might be determining factor - causes development of relationships to fail
. Ignores other factors - economic level/physical condition etc
Matching hypothesis AO1
. Walster 1966
{ > socially desirable seeks > socially desirable partner}
.Mismatched couples strained/threatened - one may feel insecure, jealous, unattractive
-> therefore seek same physical attractiveness! compromise needed due to fear of rejection and to achieve a balance.
Matching hypothesis AO2/AO3
. Walster 1966 dance study - us college, 752 ppts, randomly matched, 6 months later > likely to have met up again if similar in attractiveness ETHICS
. Silverman 1971 social observations - high similarity between couples, > happy HIGH ECOLOGICAL VALIDITY, EXPERIMENTER BIAS, REDUCTIONIST,
. CULTURALLY SPECIFIC
. NOT GENDER SPECIFIC - aronson et al 1966, homosexuals priority = physical too
